The theory of "political support» D.Istona and J. Денниса

Within the limits of the first version of political socialisation we will consider the theory of "political support» D.Istona and J. Денниса which has made essential impact on development of all concept and applied for universality, that is practical use in all western countries.

The theory of "political support» should be considered in wider context - from the point of view of ability of political system to provide stability and dynamic balance by means of interchange with environment (economic, social, cultural systems). Interaction of political system with environment is carried out through the mechanism «an input - an exit». On system "input" requirements and support arrive, and on "exit" the declared requirements or support are embodied in political decisions and power actions. Power methods to achieve acceptance of political ends and values as practice has shown, it is impossible. The new method of stabilisation of system which consisted in maintenance of voluntary acceptance with people of political ends Was required. It appears possible in the event that the system is capable to create and support belief of individuals in the legitimacy and legality. In other words, achieve support of citizens political system can by formation of positive psychological installation on voluntariness of acceptance of norms and values of culture dominating in a society. Such installation of the person on system develops under the influence of the agents of socialisation considering level of a maturity of the individual.

In work «Children and political system» D.Iston and J. Деннис recognise that positive installation defining in creation primary socialisation (that is got in the childhood) is. By analogy with 3. Freud, they insist that «base children's feelings are forced out and change more difficultly,

D.Iston and I.Denis distinguish four aspects of primary political socialisation:

- Direct perception the child of political life. It scoops the information on it in estimations of parents, in their political reactions and feelings;

- Policy "personification" in which course the cognizance of those or others belonging to sphere of the power of figures becomes for it синомимом contacts to political system;

- "Idealisation" of these political images, that is formation on their basis of steady emotional relations to a policy;

- “институционализация” the properties found in the course of socialisation, testifying to complication of a political picture of the world of the child and its transition to independent vision of a policy.

Provides independence existing social and ethnic groups, their security from an arbitrariness of the authorities. At the heart of relations of the power and a civil society the aspiration of a society to secure from traditionally strong and бюрократизированного the states lies.

It is obvious that claims of various models of political socialisation for universality and generality are doomed to a failure as process of mastering of political ends and standards of political behaviour in each concrete society is specific, caused by features of their cultural environments.