ÃËÀÂÀ 2. ÒÎÏÎÃÐÀÔÈ×ÅÑÊÀß ÀÍÀÒÎÌÈß ÂÅÐÕÍÅÉ ÊÎÍÅ×ÍÎÑÒÈ...........................................................93 4 ñòðàíèöà
ÎÏÅÐÀÖÈß ÁÝËËÅÍÑÀ È Ê¨ÐÒÅ..............................................................................................................553
ÎÏÅÐÀÖÈß ÕÈÒÐÎÂÀ..................................................................................................................................553
ÌÈÎÏËÀÑÒÈÊÀ.............................................................................................................................................553
ÐÅÇÅÊÖÈß ÂÅÐÕÍÅÉ È ÍÈÆÍÅÉ ×ÅËÞÑÒÅÉ ÏÐÈ ÇËÎÊÀ×ÅÑÒÂÅÍÍÛÕ ÎÏÓÕÎËßÕ.....................554
ÐÅÇÅÊÖÈß ÂÅÐÕÍÅÉ ×ÅËÞÑÒÈ...............................................................................................................555
ÐÅÇÅÊÖÈß ÍÈÆÍÅÉ ×ÅËÞÑÒÈ................................................................................................................556
ÎÏÅÐÀÖÈß ÊÐÀÉËÀ....................................................................................................................................558
ÌÅÑÒÍÎÅ ÎÁÅÇÁÎËÈÂÀÍÈÅ ÏÐÈ ÎÏÅÐÀÖÈßÕ ÍÀ ÃÎËÎÂÅ..................................................................559
ÈÍÔÈËÜÒÐÀÖÈÎÍÍÎÅ ÎÁÅÇÁÎËÈÂÀÍÈÅ.............................................................................................561
ÏÐÎÂÎÄÍÈÊÎÂÎÅ ÎÁÅÇÁÎËÈÂÀÍÈÅ.....................................................................................................561
ÎÑÎÁÅÍÍÎÑÒÈ ÄÅÉÑÒÂÈß ÌÅÑÒÍÎÉ ÀÍÅÑÒÅÇÈÈ ÏÐÈ ÂÎÑÏÀËÈÒÅËÜÍÛÕ ÏÐÎÖÅÑÑÀÕ......561
ÈÍÔÈËÜÒÐÀÖÈÎÍÍÎÅ ÎÁÅÇÁÎËÈÂÀÍÈÅ ÂÅÐÕÍÅÃÎ ÇÓÁÍÎÃÎ ÍÅÐÂÍÎÃÎ ÑÏËÅÒÅÍÈß........561
ÏÐÎÂÎÄÍÈÊÎÂÎÅ ÎÁÅÇÁÎËÈÂÀÍÈÅ ÂÅÐÕÍÈÕ ÇÀÄÍÈÕ ÀËÜÂÅÎËßÐÍÛÕ ÍÅÐÂÎÂ
ÍÀ ÁÓÃÐÅ ÂÅÐÕÍÅÉ ×ÅËÞÑÒÈ (ÒÓÁÅÐÀËÜÍÀß ÀÍÅÑÒÅÇÈß)...........................................................562
ÏÐÎÂÎÄÍÈÊÎÂÎÅ ÎÁÅÇÁÎËÈÂÀÍÈÅ ÂÅÐÕÍÈÕ ÏÅÐÅÄÍÈÕ ÀËÜÂÅÎËßÐÍÛÕ ÍÅÐÂÎÂ
Ó ÏÎÄÃËÀÇÍÈ×ÍÎÃÎ ÎÒÂÅÐÑÒÈß (ÈÍÔÐÀÎÐÁÈÒÀËÜÍÀß ÀÍÅÑÒÅÇÈß)......................................563
Âíóòðèðîòîâîé èíôðàîðáèòàëüíûé ñïîñîá............................................................................................563
Âíåðîòîâîé èíôðàîðáèòàëüíûé ñïîñîá.................................................................................................563
ÏÐÎÂÎÄÍÈÊÎÂÎÅ ÎÁÅÇÁÎËÈÂÀÍÈÅ ÍÈÆÍÅÃÎ ÀËÜÂÅÎËßÐÍÎÃÎ ÍÅÐÂÀ
Ó ÍÈÆÍÅ×ÅËÞÑÒÍÎÃÎ ÎÒÂÅÐÑÒÈß (ÌÀÍÄÈÁÓËßÐÍÀß ÀÍÅÑÒÅÇÈß).........................................564
Âíóòðèðîòîâîé ìåòîä...............................................................................................................................564
Âíåðîòîâîé ìåòîä.....................................................................................................................................564
ÏÐÎÂÎÄÍÈÊÎÂÎÅ ÎÁÅÇÁÎËÈÂÀÍÈÅ ÍÈÆÍÅÉ ×ÅËÞÑÒÈ ÍÀ ÍÈÆÍÅ×ÅËÞÑÒÍÎÌ
ÂÎÇÂÛØÅÍÈÈ (ÒÎÐÓÑÀËÜÍÀß ÀÍÅÑÒÅÇÈß) ÏÎ ÂÅÉÑÁÐÅÌÓ.........................................................565
ÏÐÎÂÎÄÍÈÊÎÂÎÅ ÎÁÅÇÁÎËÈÂÀÍÈÅ ÁÎËÜØÎÃΠͨÁÍÎÃÎ ÍÅÐÂÀ (ÏÀËÀÒÈÍÀËÜÍÀß
ÀÍÅÑÒÅÇÈß).................................................................................................................................................565
ÏÐÎÂÎÄÍÈÊÎÂÎÅ ÎÁÅÇÁÎËÈÂÀÍÈÅ ÍÎÑÎͨÁÍÎÃÎ ÍÅÐÂÀ.........................................................565
ÓÄÀËÅÍÈÅ ÇÓÁÀ...............................................................................................................................................567
ÏÎÄÃÎÒÎÂÊÀ Ê ÓÄÀËÅÍÈÞ ÇÓÁÀ ...........................................................................................................567
ÌÅÒÎÄÈÊÀ ÓÄÀËÅÍÈß ÇÓÁÀ.....................................................................................................................567
Ùèïöû è ýëåâàòîðû äëÿ óäàëåíèÿ çóáîâ................................................................................................567
Òåõíèêà óäàëåíèÿ çóáîâ...........................................................................................................................571
ÒÅÑÒÎÂÛÅ ÂÎÏÐÎÑÛ.........................................................................................................................................572
ÃËÀÂÀ 7. ÒÎÏÎÃÐÀÔÈ×ÅÑÊÀß ÀÍÀÒÎÌÈß ØÅÈ.............................................................................................575
ÃÐÀÍÈÖÛ È ÂÍÅØÍÈÅ ÎÐÈÅÍÒÈÐÛ ØÅÈ......................................................................................................575
ÏÎÑËÎÉÍÀß ÒÎÏÎÃÐÀÔÈß È ÒÐÅÓÃÎËÜÍÈÊÈ ÏÅÐÅÄÍÅÉ ÎÁËÀÑÒÈ ØÅÈ..........................................577
ÌÅÄÈÀËÜÍÛÉ ÒÐÅÓÃÎËÜÍÈÊ ØÅÈ..............................................................................................................577
ÍÀÄÏÎÄÚßÇÛ×ÍÀß ÎÁËÀÑÒÜ..................................................................................................................577
Ïîñëîéíàÿ òîïîãðàôèÿ íàäïîäúÿçû÷íîé îáëàñòè.................................................................................577
Òðåóãîëüíèêè.............................................................................................................................................578
ÏÎÄÏÎÄÜßÇÛ×ÍÀß ÎÁËÀÑÒÜ.................................................................................................................580
Ïîñëîéíàÿ òîïîãðàôèÿ ïîäïîäúÿçû÷íîé îáëàñòè.................................................................................580
Òðåóãîëüíèêè.............................................................................................................................................583
ËÀÒÅÐÀËÜÍÛÉ ÒÐÅÓÃÎËÜÍÈÊ ØÅÈ ............................................................................................................585
826 ♦ ÒÎÏÎÃÐÀÔÈ×ÅÑÊÀß ÀÍÀÒÎÌÈß È ÎÏÅÐÀÒÈÂÍÀß ÕÈÐÓÐÃÈß
Ëîïàòî÷íî-êëþ÷è÷íûé òðåóãîëüíèê........................................................................................................585
Ëîïàòî÷íî-òðàïåöèåâèäíûé òðåóãîëüíèê...............................................................................................586
ÃÐÓÄÈÍÎ-ÊËÞ×È×ÍÎ-ÑÎÑÖÅÂÈÄÍÀß ÎÁËÀÑÒÜ.....................................................................................587
ÔÀÑÖÈÈ È ÌÅÆÔÀÑÖÈÀËÜÍÛÅ ÏÐÎÑÒÐÀÍÑÒÂÀ ØÅÈ, ÈÕ ÊËÈÍÈ×ÅÑÊÎÅ ÇÍÀ×ÅÍÈÅ..................592
ÔÀÑÖÈÈ ØÅÈ ....................................................................................................................................................592
ÌÅÆÔÀÑÖÈÀËÜÍÛÅ ÏÐÎÑÒÐÀÍÑÒÂÀ ØÅÈ...............................................................................................593
ÊËÈÍÈ×ÅÑÊÎÅ ÇÍÀ×ÅÍÈÅ ÔÀÑÖÈÉ ØÅÈ..................................................................................................595
ÏÎÂÅÐÕÍÎÑÒÍÛÅ ÑÎÑÓÄÛ È ÍÅÐÂÛ ØÅÈ..................................................................................................595
ÏÎÂÅÐÕÍÎÑÒÍÛÅ ÀÐÒÅÐÈÈ .........................................................................................................................595
ÏÎÂÅÐÕÍÎÑÒÍÛÅ ÂÅÍÛ................................................................................................................................595
ÏÎÂÅÐÕÍÎÑÒÍÛÅ ÍÅÐÂÛ..............................................................................................................................596
ÏÎÂÅÐÕÍÎÑÒÍÀß ËÈÌÔÀÒÈ×ÅÑÊÀß ÑÈÑÒÅÌÀ......................................................................................596
ÒÎÏÎÃÐÀÔÈß ÎÐÃÀÍÎÂ ØÅÈ...........................................................................................................................597
ÒÎÏÎÃÐÀÔÈß ÑÎÑÓÄÈÑÒÎ-ÍÅÐÂÍÎÃÎ ÏÓ×ÊÀ ÌÅÄÈÀËÜÍÎÃÎ ÒÐÅÓÃÎËÜÍÈÊÀ ØÅÈ...................597
ÒÎÏÎÃÐÀÔÈß ØÅÉÍÎÃÎ ÑÏËÅÒÅÍÈß ........................................................................................................601
ÒÎÏÎÃÐÀÔÈß ÏËÅ×ÅÂÎÃÎ ÑÏËÅÒÅÍÈß....................................................................................................602
ÒÎÏÎÃÐÀÔÈß ÂÎÇÂÐÀÒÍÎÃÎ ÃÎÐÒÀÍÍÎÃÎ ÍÅÐÂÀ................................................................................603
ÒÎÏÎÃÐÀÔÈß ÂÅÐÕÍÅÃÎ ÃÎÐÒÀÍÍÎÃÎ ÍÅÐÂÀ.......................................................................................603
ÒÎÏÎÃÐÀÔÈß ÏÎÄÊËÞ×È×ÍÎÉ ÀÐÒÅÐÈÈ................................................................................................604
ÒÎÏÎÃÐÀÔÈß ÑÈÌÏÀÒÈ×ÅÑÊÎÃÎ ÑÒÂÎËÀ..............................................................................................605
ÃËÓÁÎÊÀß ËÈÌÔÀÒÈ×ÅÑÊÀß ÑÈÑÒÅÌÀ ØÅÈ...........................................................................................607
ÃËÎÒÊÀ...............................................................................................................................................................609
×àñòè ãëîòêè..............................................................................................................................................609
Ëèìôîýïèòåëèàëüíîå êîëüöî Âàëüäåéåðà-Ïèðîãîâà...........................................................................612
Ìûøå÷íûé àïïàðàò ãëîòêè è àêò ãëîòàíèÿ.............................................................................................612
Ñèíòîïèÿ ãëîòêè........................................................................................................................................614
Êðîâîñíàáæåíèå, èííåðâàöèÿ, ëèìôîîòòîê..........................................................................................615
ÃÎÐÒÀÍÜ.............................................................................................................................................................617
Õðÿùè ãîðòàíè...........................................................................................................................................619
Ìûøöû ãîðòàíè.........................................................................................................................................620
Ôèáðîçíî-ýëàñòè÷åñêàÿ ìåìáðàíà ãîðòàíè..........................................................................................621
Êðîâîñíàáæåíèå, èííåðâàöèÿ, ëèìôîîòòîê..........................................................................................621
Îñîáåííîñòè ñòðîåíèÿ ãîðòàíè ó äåòåé..................................................................................................623
ÒÎÏÎÃÐÀÔÈß ÙÈÒÎÂÈÄÍÎÉ ÆÅËÅÇÛ.......................................................................................................623
Ðàçâèòèå....................................................................................................................................................624
Êðîâîñíàáæåíèå, èííåðâàöèÿ, ëèìôîîòòîê..........................................................................................624
Îñîáåííîñòè ñòðîåíèÿ è ðàñïîëîæåíèÿ ùèòîâèäíîé æåëåçû ó äåòåé ...............................................625
ÒÎÏÎÃÐÀÔÈß ÏÀÐÀÙÈÒÎÂÈÄÍÛÕ ÆÅ˨Ç................................................................................................625
ØÅÉÍÀß ×ÀÑÒÜ ÒÐÀÕÅÈ.................................................................................................................................626
Ñèíòîïèÿ øåéíîé ÷àñòè òðàõåè...............................................................................................................626
Êðîâîñíàáæåíèå, èííåðâàöèÿ, ëèìôîîòòîê..........................................................................................627
Îñîáåííîñòè ñòðîåíèÿ è ðàñïîëîæåíèÿ òðàõåè ó äåòåé......................................................................627
ØÅÉÍÀß ×ÀÑÒÜ ÏÈÙÅÂÎÄÀ..........................................................................................................................627
Ñèíòîïèÿ ïèùåâîäà..................................................................................................................................627
Êðîâîñíàáæåíèå, èííåðâàöèÿ, ëèìôîîòòîê..........................................................................................628
ÇÀÄÍßß ÎÁËÀÑÒÜ ØÅÈ.......................................................................................................................................628
ÏÎÑËÎÉÍÀß ÒÎÏÎÃÐÀÔÈß ÇÀÄÍÅÉ ÎÁËÀÑÒÈ ØÅÈ...............................................................................628
ÒÐÅÓÃÎËÜÍÈÊÈ ÂÛÉÍÎÉ ÎÁËÀÑÒÈ............................................................................................................630
ÊÐÎÂÎÑÍÀÁÆÅÍÈÅ, ÈÍÍÅÐÂÀÖÈß, ËÈÌÔÎÎÒÒÎÊ................................................................................631
ÂÐÎÆĨÍÍÛÅ ÏÎÐÎÊÈ ÐÀÇÂÈÒÈß ØÅÈ.......................................................................................................632
ÊÈÑÒÛ È ÑÂÈÙÈ ØÅÈ.....................................................................................................................................632
ÂÐÎÆĨÍÍÀß ÊÐÈÂÎØÅß.............................................................................................................................633
ÒÅÑÒÎÂÛÅ ÂÎÏÐÎÑÛ.........................................................................................................................................634
Ñîäåðæàíèå -Ô- 827
ÃËÀÂÀ 8. ÎÏÅÐÀÖÈÈ ÍÀ ÎÐÃÀÍÀÕ ØÅÈ..............................................................................................................637
ÕÈÐÓÐÃÈ×ÅÑÊÈÅ ÄÎÑÒÓÏÛ Ê ÎÐÃÀÍÀÌ ØÅÈ.............................................................................................637
ÎÏÅÐÀÖÈÈ ÍÀ ÑÎÑÓÄÀÕ ØÅÈ..........................................................................................................................638
ÎÁÍÀÆÅÍÈÅ È ÏÅÐÅÂßÇÊÀ ÏÎÄÊËÞ×È×ÍÎÉ ÀÐÒÅÐÈÈ ......................................................................638
Äîñòóï ïî Äæàíåëèäçå..............................................................................................................................638
Ò-îáðàçíûé äîñòóï ïî Ïåòðîâñêîìó.......................................................................................................639
ÎÁÍÀÆÅÍÈÅ ÎÁÙÅÉ ÑÎÍÍÎÉ ÀÐÒÅÐÈÈ È ÂÍÓÒÐÅÍÍÅÉ
ßÐÅÌÍÎÉ ÂÅÍÛ...............................................................................................................................................639
ÎÁÍÀÆÅÍÈÅ È ÏÅÐÅÂßÇÊÀ ÍÀÐÓÆÍÎÉ ÑÎÍÍÎÉ ÀÐÒÅÐÈÈ................................................................640
ÎÁÍÀÆÅÍÈÅ È ÏÅÐÅÂßÇÊÀ ßÇÛ×ÍÎÉ ÀÐÒÅÐÈÈ....................................................................................640
ÎÁÍÀÆÅÍÈÅ È ÏÅÐÅÂßÇÊÀ ËÈÖÅÂÎÉ ÀÐÒÅÐÈÈ.....................................................................................641
ÎÏÅÐÀÒÈÂÍÎÅ ËÅ×ÅÍÈÅ ÀÁÑÖÅÑÑÎÂ È ÔËÅÃÌÎÍ ØÅÈ.........................................................................641
ÂÑÊÐÛÒÈÅ È ÄÐÅÍÈÐÎÂÀÍÈÅ ÔËÅÃÌÎÍÛ ÏÎÄÏÎÄÁÎÐÎÄÎ×ÍÎÃÎ ÒÐÅÓÃÎËÜÍÈÊÀ
È ÄÍÀ ÏÎËÎÑÒÈ ÐÒÀ.......................................................................................................................................644
ÂÑÊÐÛÒÈÅ È ÄÐÅÍÈÐÎÂÀÍÈÅ ÀÁÑÖÅÑÑÎÂ È ÔËÅÃÌÎÍ Â ÏÎÄÍÈÆÍÅ×ÅËÞÑÒÍÎÌ
ÒÐÅÓÃÎËÜÍÈÊÅ................................................................................................................................................645
ÂÀÃÎÑÈÌÏÀÒÈ×ÅÑÊÀß ÁËÎÊÀÄÀ ÏÎ ÂÈØÍÅÂÑÊÎÌÓ...........................................................................647
ÀÍÅÑÒÅÇÈß ÏËÅ×ÅÂÎÃÎ ÑÏËÅÒÅÍÈß .......................................................................................................648
ÍÀÄÊËÞ×È×ÍÛÉ ÄÎÑÒÓÏ ........................................................................................................................648
ÏÎÄÌÛØÅ×ÍÛÉ ÄÎÑÒÓÏ..........................................................................................................................649
ÄÐÅÍÈÐÎÂÀÍÈÅ ÃÐÓÄÍÎÃÎ ËÈÌÔÀÒÈ×ÅÑÊÎÃÎ ÏÐÎÒÎÊÀ....................................................................649
ÎÏÅÐÀÖÈÈ ÍÀ ÂÎÇÄÓÕÎÍÎÑÍÛÕ ÏÓÒßÕ.....................................................................................................650
ÎÏÅÐÀÒÈÂÍÛÅ ÄÎÑÒÓÏÛ Ê ÒÐÀÕÅÅ...........................................................................................................650
ÒÐÀÕÅÎÒÎÌÈß È ÒÐÀÕÅÎÑÒÎÌÈß..............................................................................................................651
ÂÅÐÕÍßß ÒÐÀÕÅÎÑÒÎÌÈß .......................................................................................................................651
ÍÈÆÍßß ÒÐÀÕÅÎÑÒÎÌÈß........................................................................................................................652
ÎÑËÎÆÍÅÍÈß ÒÐÀÕÅÎÑÒÎÌÈÈ..............................................................................................................653
ÊÐÈÊÎ-ÊÎÍÈÊÎÒÎÌÈß ..................................................................................................................................653
ÎÏÅÐÀÖÈÈ ÍÀ ÙÈÒÎÂÈÄÍÎÉ ÆÅËÅÇÅ..........................................................................................................653
ÐÅÇÅÊÖÈß ÙÈÒÎÂÈÄÍÎÉ ÆÅËÅÇÛ ............................................................................................................654
ÑÓÁÔÀÑÖÈÀËÜÍÀß ÑÓÁÒÎÒÀËÜÍÀß ÐÅÇÅÊÖÈß ÄÎËÈ ÙÈÒÎÂÈÄÍÎÉ
ÆÅËÅÇÛ Ñ ÓÇËÎÌ...........................................................................................................................................655
ÎÏÅÐÀÖÈß ÝÍÓÊËÅÀÖÈÈ ÓÇËÀ ÙÈÒÎÂÈÄÍÎÉ ÆÅËÅÇÛ ......................................................................657
ÑÓÁÒÎÒÀËÜÍÀß ÑÓÁÔÀÑÖÈÀËÜÍÀß ÐÅÇÅÊÖÈß ÙÈÒÎÂÈÄÍÎÉ ÆÅËÅÇÛ
ÏÐÈ ÄÈÔÔÓÇÍÎÌ ÒÎÊÑÈ×ÅÑÊÎÌ ÇÎÁÅ ÏÎ ÍÈÊÎËÀÅÂÓ.....................................................................657
ÎÏÅÐÀÒÈÂÍÎÅ ËÅ×ÅÍÈÅ ÂÐÎÆĨÍÍÛÕ ÏÎÐÎÊΠÐÀÇÂÈÒÈß ØÅÈ....................................................659
ÎÏÅÐÀÖÈß ÈÑÑÅ×ÅÍÈß ÑÐÅÄÈÍÍÎÃÎ ÑÂÈÙÀ ØÅÈ..............................................................................659
ÎÏÅÐÀÖÈß ÈÑÑÅ×ÅÍÈß ÁÎÊÎÂÎÃÎ ÑÂÈÙÀ ØÅÈ...................................................................................659
ÎÏÅÐÀÒÈÂÍÎÅ ËÅ×ÅÍÈÅ ÂÐÎÆĨÍÍÎÉ ÌÛØÅ×ÍÎÉ ÊÐÈÂÎØÅÈ.....................................................661
ÍÈÆÍßß ÌÈÎÒÎÌÈß.................................................................................................................................661
ÂÅÐÕÍßß ÌÈÎÒÎÌÈß ................................................................................................................................661
ÎÏÅÐÀÒÈÂÍÎÅ ËÅ×ÅÍÈÅ ÊÎÑÒÍÎÉ ÔÎÐÌÛ ÊÐÈÂÎØÅÈ......................................................................662
ÒÅÑÒÎÂÛÅ ÂÎÏÐÎÑÛ.........................................................................................................................................662
ÃËÀÂÀ 9. ÒÎÏÎÃÐÀÔÈ×ÅÑÊÀß ÀÍÀÒÎÌÈß ÃÐÓÄÈ..........................................................................................665
ÎÁÙÈÅ ÑÂÅÄÅÍÈß...............................................................................................................................................665
ÃÐÀÍÈÖÛ............................................................................................................................................................665
ÂÍÅØÍÈÅ ÎÐÈÅÍÒÈÐÛ...................................................................................................................................665
Êîñòíûå îáðàçîâàíèÿ, èñïîëüçóåìûå â êà÷åñòâå îïîçíàâàòåëüíûõ ïóíêòîâ...................................665
Äðóãèå îðèåíòèðû.....................................................................................................................................665
Óñëîâíûå ëèíèè.........................................................................................................................................666
ÑÒÅÍÊÈ ÃÐÓÄÈ..................................................................................................................................................666
ÎÁËÀÑÒÈ ÃÐÓÄÈ...............................................................................................................................................666
ÃÐÓÄÍÀß ÊËÅÒÊÀ.............................................................................................................................................670
828 ♦ ÒÎÏÎÃÐÀÔÈ×ÅÑÊÀß ÀÍÀÒÎÌÈß È ÎÏÅÐÀÒÈÂÍÀß ÕÈÐÓÐÃÈß
Ñòåíêè ãðóäíîé êëåòêè..............................................................................................................................672
Ôîðìû ãðóäíîé êëåòêè .............................................................................................................................674
Ðàçìåðû ãðóäíîé êëåòêè..........................................................................................................................674
ÌÛØÖÛ ÃÐÓÄÈ .................................................................................................................................................675
Ãëóáîêèå, èëè ñîáñòâåííûå, ìûøöû.......................................................................................................675
Äèàôðàãìà.................................................................................................................................................676
ÊÐÎÂÎÑÍÀÁÆÅÍÈÅ È ÈÍÍÅÐÂÀÖÈß ÑÒÅÍÎÊ ÃÐÓÄÈ.............................................................................679
ÊÐÎÂÎÑÍÀÁÆÅÍÈÅ....................................................................................................................................679
ÈÍÍÅÐÂÀÖÈß ...............................................................................................................................................682
ÌÎËÎ×ÍÀß ÆÅËÅÇÀ.......................................................................................................................................683
Êðîâîñíàáæåíèå ìîëî÷íîé æåëåçû.......................................................................................................685
Ëèìôîîòòîê îò ìîëî÷íîé æåëåçû...........................................................................................................685
ÏÎËÎÑÒÜ ÃÐÓÄÈ...................................................................................................................................................687
ÒÎÏÎÃÐÀÔÈß ÏËÅÂÐÛ È ÏËÅÂÐÀËÜÍÎÉ ÏÎËÎÑÒÈ...............................................................................687
ÄÅËÅÍÈÅ ÏÐÈÑÒÅÍÎ×ÍÎÉ ÏËÅÂÐÛ.......................................................................................................689
ÑÈÍÓÑÛ ÏËÅÂÐÛ ........................................................................................................................................689
ÒÎÏÎÃÐÀÔÈß Ë¨ÃÊÈÕ È ÄÛÕÀÒÅËÜÍÛÕ ÏÓÒÅÉ......................................................................................692
˨ÃÊÈÅ...........................................................................................................................................................692
Äîëè è ñåãìåíòû ë¸ãêîãî..........................................................................................................................693
Ïðîåêöèè ë¸ãêèõ........................................................................................................................................696
ÃÐÓÄÍÀß ×ÀÑÒÜ ÒÐÀÕÅÈ...........................................................................................................................698
ÁÐÎÍÕÈ..........................................................................................................................................................699
ÊÎÐÅÍÜ Ë¨ÃÊÎÃÎ........................................................................................................................................700
ÈÍÍÅÐÂÀÖÈß Ë¨ÃÊÈÕ................................................................................................................................700
ÊÐÎÂÎÑÍÀÁÆÅÍÈŠ˨ÃÊÈÕ.....................................................................................................................700
ËÈÌÔÀÒÈ×ÅÑÊÈÉ ÎÒÒÎÊ ÈÇ Ë¨ÃÊÈÕ....................................................................................................702
ÒÎÏÎÃÐÀÔÈß ÑÐÅÄÎÑÒÅÍÈß.......................................................................................................................702
ÏÅÐÅÄÍÅÅ ÑÐÅÄÎÑÒÅÍÈÅ........................................................................................................................704
Òîïîãðàôèÿ ïåðèêàðäà.............................................................................................................................704
Òîïîãðàôèÿ ñåðäöà...................................................................................................................................708
Ïîëîñòè ñåðäöà..........................................................................................................................................711
Ñòåíêè ñåðäöà...........................................................................................................................................717
Ïðîâîäÿùàÿ ñèñòåìà ñåðäöà...................................................................................................................718
Êðîâîñíàáæåíèå ñåðäöà..........................................................................................................................720
Èííåðâàöèÿ ñåðäöà...................................................................................................................................721
Âèëî÷êîâàÿ æåëåçà..............................................................................................................(....................722
Àîðòà..........................................................................................................................................................723
˸ãî÷íàÿ àðòåðèÿ .....................................................................................................................................724
Àðòåðèàëüíûé ïðîòîê...............................................................................................................................725
Êðîâîîáðàùåíèå ïëîäà............................................................................................................................726
Âåðõíÿÿ ïîëàÿ âåíà..................................................................................................................................727
Íèæíÿÿ ïîëàÿ âåíà...................................................................................................................................727
˸ãî÷íûå âåíû..........................................................................................................................................727
Äèàôðàãìàëüíûå íåðâû è ñîñóäû...........................................................................................................728
ÇÀÄÍÅÅ ÑÐÅÄÎÑÒÅÍÈÅ .............................................................................................................................728
Ãðóäíàÿ ÷àñòü íèñõîäÿùåé àîðòû...........................................................................................................728
Êàðäèíàëüíûå âåíû..................................................................................................................................728
Ãðóäíîé ïðîòîê..........................................................................................................................................730
Ãðóäíàÿ ÷àñòü ïèùåâîäà..........................................................................................................................730
Áëóæäàþùèå íåðâû...................................................................................................................................733
Ñèìïàòè÷åñêèé ñòâîë...............................................................................................................................733
ÊËÅÒ×ÀÒÎ×ÍÛÅ ÏÐÎÑÒÐÀÍÑÒÂÀ ÑÐÅÄÎÑÒÅÍÈß..............................................................................735
ËÈÌÔÀÒÈ×ÅÑÊÈÅ ÓÇËÛ ÏÎËÎÑÒÈ ÃÐÓÄÈ................................................................................................736
ÒÅÑÒÎÂÛÅ ÂÎÏÐÎÑÛ.........................................................................................................................................738
Ñîäåðæàíèå ♦ 829
ÃËÀÂÀ 10. ÎÏÅÐÀÖÈÈ ÍÀ ÃÐÓÄÍÎÉ ÊËÅÒÊÅ È ÎÐÃÀÍÀÕ ÏÎËÎÑÒÈ ÃÐÓÄÈ..............................................741
Äàòà äîáàâëåíèÿ: 2016-07-09; ïðîñìîòðîâ: 1297;