Fill in the gaps with the following words and word combinations. appreciable quantities / solvent / mucous / dipole moment / net charges

appreciable quantities / solvent / mucous / dipole moment / net charges

1. The flow of chloride ions helps control the movement of water in tissues, which is necessary for the production of thin, freely flowing ______________.

2. The ______________ of alamethicin, which produces voltage-dependent conductance in lipid-bilayer membranes, was measured in mixed solvents of ethanol and dioxane.

3. Apparently, the variants with lower ______________ experienced less charge repulsion around the binding pocket, thereby increasing folding stability

4. A polar ______________, such as 90% methanol containing 1 % NaCl, is required to elute isopropylidene hydrazides from the absorbent; chloroform or methanol alone does not elute them in good yields.

5. When present in ______________, these compounds serve as inhibitors in the reaction.

Translate into Russian

1. This shows that the response of spermacytes is maximal and equivalent to that of early spermatids as regards small deletions.

2. The highest incidence of crossovers was on the 10-th day followed by a progressive decline in the later broods.

3. Whether elimination of the recombinants is somehow related to the radiation damage, or whether it is purely a random loss of stem cells with the age of the male, cannot be decided from the present material.

4. In studying the nature of this phenomenon, the question has arisen as to whether induced crossing-over is true crossing- over or «pseudocrossing-over».

5. Treatment with N₂ both between fractions and after exposure to radiation was used to study whether repair of breaks could be effected in the stage where crossing-over is predominantly induced. Two further experiments were carried out to this purpose.

6. Clusters of crossovers occurred in all the broods, even as early as brood N1 following the two highest doses. This raises the question whether clusters in all the broods must be considered as true clusters or «pseudo-clusters».

7. In fact, in previous experiments at low dose of irradiation no clusters were observed in the period which followed that of excessive sterility.

8. In order to find clusters of crossovers at the lowest doses, and clusters of the rarely induced crossovers, the progeny had to be scored several days after the recovery of fertility.

9. By using Formula I derived above, the latest gonial cells are definitely found to be more sensitive to crossing-over induction than the cells sampled in brood A.

10. To conclude, then, we can say that the latest gonial cells are found to be the most sensitive to cross-over induction, but that this apparent greater sensitivity is likely to be real only in comparison with primary spermatocytes, whereas in earlier spermatogonia the increasingly smaller cell population put restrictions on the expression of sensitivity.

11. This might indicate that there is a real difference in the nature of the phenomena in these chromosome regions as compared to those close to the centromere. Two possibilities, however must be taken into account: a) crossover chromosomes, arising from possible unequal crossing-over, are less likely to be recovered in euchromatic than heterochromatic regions; and b) the sensitive stage sampled in brood В might have lost some crossovers to brood A and this loss may have varied between doses. This might have a great influence on the low percentages we deal with.

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