ÁÁÊ 63.3(2)Ðîñ

Ó ÎÃÈÈÊ, 2001 ã.


ÑÎÄÅÐÆÀÍÈÅ:

Ëåêöèÿ 1

ÔÎÐÌÈÐÎÂÀÍÈÅ ÎÁÙÍÎÑÒÈ ÑÓÄÅÁ ÍÀÐÎÄÎÂ ÐÎÑÑÈÈ................... 7

1. ÐÎËÜ È ÌÅÑÒÎ ÐÎÑÑÈÈ Â ÌÈÐÎÂÎÌ ÈÑÒÎÐÈ×ÅÑÊÎÌ ÏÐÎÖÅÑÑÅ 9

2. ÝÒÍÎÑÎÖÈÀËÜÍÛÅ ÏÐÎÖÅÑÑÛ ÅÂÐÀÇÈÉÑÊÎÉ ÄÐÅÂÍÎÑÒÈ........ 13

3. ÂÎÑÒÎ×ÍÛÅ ÑËÀÂßÍÅ Â ÄÐÅÂÍÎÑÒÈ...................................................... 16

 

Ëåêöèÿ 2

ÐÎËÜ È ÇÍÀ×ÅÍÈÅ ÃÎÑÓÄÀÐÑÒÂÅÍÍÎÑÒÈ Â ÐÎÑÑÈÉÑÊÎÉ ÈÑÒÎÐÈÈ. ÑÒÀÍÎÂËÅÍÈÅ ÅÅ ÊÎÍÊÐÅÒÍÎ-ÈÑÒÎÐÈ×ÅÑÊÎÉ ÔÎÐÌÛ ÑÀÌÎÄÅÐÆÀÂÈß.............................................. 26

1. ÊÈÅÂÑÊÀß ÐÓÑÜ È ÅÅ ÑÓÄÜÁÀ...................................................................... 27

2. ÂÎÇÂÛØÅÍÈÅ ÌÎÑÊÂÛ È ÑÒÀÍÎÂËÅÍÈÅ ÃÎÑÓÄÀÐÑÒÂÀ ÐÎÑÑÈÉÑÊÎÃÎ 35

3. ÄÅßÒÅËÜÍÎÑÒÜ ÏÅÒÐÀ ÂÅËÈÊÎÃÎ È ÐÎÆÄÅÍÈÅ ÐÎÑÑÈÉÑÊÎÉ ÈÌÏÅÐÈÈ 43

 

Ëåêöèÿ 3

ÝÏÎÕÀ «ÂÅËÈÊÈÕ ÐÅÔÎÐÌ» 60-70-Õ ÃÎÄÎÂ ÕIÕ ÂÅÊÀ....................... 48

1. ÍÅÎÁÕÎÄÈÌÎÑÒÜ ÌÎÄÅÐÍÈÇÀÖÈÈ ÐÎÑÑÈÈ........................................ 49

2. ÐÅÔÎÐÌÛ 60-70 ÃÃ. ÕIÕ Â.: ÐÎÑÑÈÉÑÊÈÉ ÂÀÐÈÀÍÒ ÐÅÂÎËÞÖÈÈ «ÑÂÅÐÕÓ» 52

3. ÊÎÍÒÐÐÅÔÎÐÌÛ 80-90-Õ ÃÃ. ÕIÕ Â.............................................................. 64

 

Ëåêöèÿ 4

ÐÎÑÑÈÉÑÊÈÅ ÐÅÂÎËÞÖÈÎÍÅÐÛ Â ÏÎÈÑÊÀÕ ÏÅÐÑÏÅÊÒÈÂÛ... 69

1. ÇÀÏÀÄÍÎÅÂÐÎÏÅÉÑÊÈÉ ÑÎÖÈÀËÈÇÌ È ÐÎÑÑÈÉÑÊÀß ÄÅÉÑÒÂÈÒÅËÜÍÎÑÒÜ. À.È. ÃÅÐÖÅÍ È Í.Ã. ×ÅÐÍÛØÅÂÑÊÈÉ Î «ÐÓÑÑÊÎÌ ÑÎÖÈÀËÈÇÌÅ»........................................ 70

2. ÐÎÑÑÈÉÑÊÎÅ ÍÀÐÎÄÍÈ×ÅÑÒÂÎ Â 60-90-Å ÃÃ.: ÈÄÅÎËÎÃÈß È ÝÂÎËÞÖÈß ÌÅÒÎÄΠÁÎÐÜÁÛ 72

3. ÌÀÐÊÑÈÇÌ Â ÐÎÑÑÈÈ Â ÏÎÑËÅÄÍÅÉ ÒÐÅÒÈ ÕIÕ Â............................ 81

 

Ëåêöèÿ 5

ÑÎÖÈÀËÜÍÎ-ÝÊÎÍÎÌÈ×ÅÑÊÈÅ ÏÐÎÖÅÑÑÛ Â ÐÎÑÑÈÈ ÍÀ ÐÓÁÅÆÅ XIX-XX ÂÅÊÎÂ, ÈÕ ÎÑÎÁÅÍÍÎÑÒÈ È ÏÎÑËÅÄÑÒÂÈß.................................................................................................... 85

1. ÌÅÑÒÎ ÐÎÑÑÈÈ Â ÌÈÐÎÂÎÉ ÕÎÇßÉÑÒÂÅÍÍÎ-ÏÎËÈÒÈ×ÅÑÊÎÉ ÑÈÑÒÅÌÅ ÍÀ ÐÓÁÅÆÅ ÕIÕ-ÕÕ ÂÅÊÎÂ.......................................................................................................................................... 86

2. ÝÊÎÍÎÌÈ×ÅÑÊÈÅ È ÑÎÖÈÀËÜÍÛÅ ÏÐÎÖÅÑÑÛ Â ÏÎÐÅÔÎÐÌÅÍÍÎÉ ÐÎÑÑÈÈ 88

3. ÎÑÍÎÂÍÛÅ ÒÅÍÄÅÍÖÈÈ Â ÏÎËÈÒÈÊÅ ÏÐÀÂÈÒÅËÜÑÒÂÀ ÐÎÑÑÈÈ Â ÑÎÖÈÀËÜÍÎ-ÝÊÎÍÎÌÈ×ÅÑÊÎÉ ÑÔÅÐÅ ÍÀ ÐÓÁÅÆÅ ÕIÕ-ÕÕ ÂÅÊÎÂ.................................................................................. 97


Ëåêöèÿ 6

ÐÎÑÑÈÉÑÊÀß ÐÅÂÎËÞÖÈß 1905-1907 ÃÃ. ÒÐÅÒÜÅÈÞÍÜÑÊÀß ÌÎÍÀÐÕÈß 103

1. ÏÐÈ×ÈÍÛ È ÍÀ×ÀËÎ ÏÅÐÂÎÉ ÐÎÑÑÈÉÑÊÎÉ ÐÅÂÎËÞÖÈÈ........... 103

2. ÎÁÙÅÑÒÂÅÍÍÎ-ÏÎËÈÒÈ×ÅÑÊÈÅ ÑÈËÛ È ÏÀÐÒÈÈ ÐÎÑÑÈÈ Â ÏÅÐÂÎÉ ÐÎÑÑÈÉÑÊÎÉ ÐÅÂÎËÞÖÈÈ 108

3. ÒÐÅÒÜÅÈÞÍÜÑÊÀß ÌÎÍÀÐÕÈß................................................................. 117

 

Ëåêöèÿ 7

ÂËÈßÍÈÅ ÏÅÐÂÎÉ ÌÈÐÎÂÎÉ ÂÎÉÍÛ ÍÀ ÑÓÄÜÁÓ ÎÒÅ×ÅÑÒÂÀ 126

1. ÌÅÆÄÓÍÀÐÎÄÍÛÅ ÎÒÍÎØÅÍÈß ÍÀÊÀÍÓÍÅ ÏÅÐÂÎÉ ÌÈÐÎÂÎÉ ÂÎÉÍÛ 127

2. ÂÑÒÓÏËÅÍÈÅ ÐÎÑÑÈÈ Â ÏÅÐÂÓÞ ÌÈÐÎÂÓÞ ÂÎÉÍÓ. ÂÎÑÒÎ×ÍÛÉ ÔÐÎÍÒ Â ÏÅÐÂÎÉ ÌÈÐÎÂÎÉ ÂÎÉÍÅ........................................................................................................................................ 130

3. ÐÎÑÑÈÉÑÊÎÅ ÎÁÙÅÑÒÂÎ Â ÃÎÄÛ ÏÅÐÂÎÉ ÌÈÐÎÂÎÉ ÂÎÉÍÛ. ÊÐÈÇÈÑ «ÂÅÐÕλ 136

 

Ëåêöèÿ 8

ÍÀ×ÀËÎ «ÂÅËÈÊÎÉ ÐÓÑÑÊÎÉ ÐÅÂÎËÞÖÈÈ»: ÎÒ ÑÀÌÎÄÅÐÆÀÂÈß ÄÎ ÄÈÊÒÀÒÓÐÛ ÏÐÎËÅÒÀÐÈÀÒÀ. ÔÅÂÐÀËÜÑÊÀß ÐÅÂÎËÞÖÈß. ÊÐÓØÅÍÈÅ ÖÀÐÈÇÌÀ. ÄÂÎÅÂËÀÑÒÈÅ 147

1. ÏÐÈ×ÈÍÛ È ÍÀ×ÀËÎ ÔÅÂÐÀËÜÑÊÎÉ ÐÅÂÎËÞÖÈÈ. ÑÂÅÐÆÅÍÈÅ ÖÀÐÈÇÌÀ 148

2. ÁÎÐÜÁÀ ÎÁÙÅÑÒÂÅÍÍÎ-ÏÎËÈÒÈ×ÅÑÊÈÕ ÑÈË ÐÎÑÑÈÈ ÇÀ ÐÀÇËÈ×ÍÛÅ ÏÓÒÈ ÐÀÇÂÈÒÈß ÐÅÂÎËÞÖÈÈ ÎÒ ÔÅÂÐÀËß Ê ÎÊÒßÁÐÞ 1917 Ã............................................................................ 154

 

Ëåêöèÿ 9

ÎÊÒßÁÐÜÑÊÈÉ ÏÅÐÅÂÎÐÎÒ Â ÏÅÒÐÎÃÐÀÄÅ. ÏÅÐÂÛÅ ØÀÃÈ ÍÎÂÎÉ ÂËÀÑÒÈ 162

1. ÏÎÄÃÎÒÎÂÊÀ È ÏÐÎÂÅÄÅÍÈÅ ÂÎÎÐÓÆÅÍÍÎÃÎ ÂÎÑÑÒÀÍÈß Â ÏÅÒÐÎÃÐÀÄÅ. II ÂÑÅÐÎÑÑÈÉÑÊÈÉ ÑÚÅÇÄ ÑÎÂÅÒÎÂ.................................................................................................................... 163

2. ÏÅÐÂÛÅ ØÀÃÈ ÍÎÂÎÉ ÂËÀÑÒÈ. ÑÒÀÍÎÂËÅÍÈÅ ÑÎÂÅÒÑÊÎÉ ÃÎÑÓÄÀÐÑÒÂÅÍÍÎÑÒÈ 168

 

Ëåêöèÿ 10

«ÑÌÓÒÀ» ÕÕ ÂÅÊÀ Â ÈÑÒÎÐÈÈ ÐÎÑÑÈÈ.................................................... 183

1. «ÑÌÓÒÀ» ÈËÈ ÃÐÀÆÄÀÍÑÊÀß ÂÎÉÍÀ?................................................. 184

2. ÎÑÍÎÂÍÛÅ ÑÎÁÛÒÈß ÃÐÀÆÄÀÍÑÊÎÉ ÂÎÉÍÛ................................. 188

3. ÎÊÎÍ×ÀÍÈÅ ÃÐÀÆÄÀÍÑÊÎÉ ÂÎÉÍÛ. ÏÐÈ×ÈÍÛ ÏÎÁÅÄÛ ÁÎËÜØÅÂÈÊΠ196

 

Ëåêöèÿ 11

«ÂÎÅÍÍÛÉ ÊÎÌÌÓÍÈÇÌ»: ÈÑÒÎÊÈ, ÑÓÙÍÎÑÒÜ, ÏÎÑËÅÄÑÒÂÈß 199

1. ÈÑÒÎÊÈ ÏÎËÈÒÈÊÈ ÂÎÅÍÍÎÃÎ ÊÎÌÌÓÍÈÇÌÀ............................... 200

2. ÎÑÍÎÂÍÛÅ ×ÅÐÒÛ ÏÎËÈÒÈÊÈ ÂÎÅÍÍÎÃÎ ÊÎÌÌÓÍÈÇÌÀ........ 205

3. ÏÎÑËÅÄÑÒÂÈß ÏÎËÈÒÈÊÈ ÂÎÅÍÍÎÃÎ ÊÎÌÌÓÍÈÇÌÀ................ 219

 

Ëåêöèÿ 12

ÌÅÆÂÐÅÌÅÍÜÅ. ÂÍÓÒÐÈÏÀÐÒÈÉÍÀß ÁÎÐÜÁÀ  ÂÊÏ(Á): ÑÒÀÍÎÂËÅÍÈÅ ÐÅÆÈÌÀ ËÈ×ÍÎÉ ÂËÀÑÒÈ ÑÒÀËÈÍÀ...................................................................................................................... 223

1. ÍÎÂÀß ÝÊÎÍÎÌÈ×ÅÑÊÀß ÏÎËÈÒÈÊÀ: ÖÅËÈ È ÈÒÎÃÈ.................. 224

2. ÎÑÎÁÅÍÍÎÑÒÈ È ÏÎÑËÅÄÑÒÂÈß ÂÍÓÒÐÈÏÀÐÒÈÉÍÎÉ ÁÎÐÜÁÛ Â ÂÊÏ(Á) Â 20-Å ÃÎÄÛ 234

 

Ëåêöèÿ 13

ÓÒÂÅÐÆÄÅÍÈÅ Â ÑÒÐÀÍÅ ÒÎÒÀËÈÒÀÐÍÎÉ ÑÈÑÒÅÌÛ ÂËÀÑÒÈ. ÏÎËÈÒÈÊÀ «ÁÎËÜØÎÃÎ ÑÊÀ×ÊÀ»............................................................................................................................................ 244

1. ÏÎÂÎÐÎÒ 1928 Ã.................................................................................................. 245

2. «ÁÎËÜØÎÉ ÑÊÀ×ÎÊ» - ÏÎËÈÒÈÊÀ ÔÎÐÑÈÐÎÂÀÍÍÎÃÎ ÑÒÐÎÈÒÅËÜÑÒÂÀ ÑÎÖÈÀËÈÇÌÀ 246

à) Èíäóñòðèàëèçàöèÿ â ÑÑÑÐ: öåíà ïðîìûøëåííîãî ðûâêà....................... 246

á) Ñïëîøíàÿ êîëëåêòèâèçàöèÿ â ÑÑÑÐ è åå ïîñëåäñòâèÿ.............................. 251

â) Êóëüòóðíàÿ ðåâîëþöèÿ: öåëè è çàäà÷è.......................................................... 255

 

Ëåêöèÿ 14

ÓÒÂÅÐÆÄÅÍÈÅ Â ÑÒÐÀÍÅ ÒÎÒÀËÈÒÀÐÍÎÉ ÑÈÑÒÅÌÛ ÂËÀÑÒÈ. ÑÎÖÈÀËÜÍÛÅ È ÏÎËÈÒÈ×ÅÑÊÈÅ ÈÑÒÎÊÈ ÑÒÀËÈÍÈÇÌÀ........................................................................................ 263

1. ÑÒÀËÈÍÈÇÌ ÊÀÊ ÔÎÐÌÀ ÒÎÒÀËÈÒÀÐÈÇÌÀ....................................... 263

2. ÏÎËÈÒÈ×ÅÑÊÈÅ ÐÅÏÐÅÑÑÈÈ - ÂÀÆÍÅÉØÅÅ ÓÑËÎÂÈÅ ÑÓÙÅÑ-ÒÂÎÂÀÍÈß ÒÎÒÀËÈÒÀÐÍÎÃÎ ÏÎËÈÒÈ×ÅÑÊÎÃÎ ÐÅÆÈÌÀ.............................................................................. 267

 

Ëåêöèÿ 15

ÍÀØÅ ÎÒÅ×ÅÑÒÂÎ Â ÃÎÄÛ ÂÒÎÐÎÉ ÌÈÐÎÂÎÉ ÂÎÉÍÛ. ÍÀ ÏÎÐÎÃÅ ÂÎÉÍÛ 277

1. ÂÍÓÒÐÅÍÍßß È ÂÍÅØÍßß ÏÎËÈÒÈÊÀ ÑÑÑÐ Â ÊÀÍÓÍ ÂÒÎÐÎÉ ÌÈÐÎÂÎÉ ÂÎÉÍÛ 278

2. ÍÀ×ÀËÎ ÂÒÎÐÎÉ ÌÈÐÎÂÎÉ ÂÎÉÍÛ........................................................ 288

 

Ëåêöèÿ 16

ÖÅÍÀ ÏÎÁÅÄÛ, ÓÐÎÊÈ È ÈÒÎÃÈ ÂÅËÈÊÎÉ ÎÒÅ×ÅÑÒÂÅÍÍÎÉ ÂÎÉÍÛ 298

1. ÏÐÎÁËÅÌÀ ÃÎÒÎÂÍÎÑÒÈ ÑÑÑÐ Ê ÂÎÉÍÅ............................................. 299

2. ÕÎÄ ÁÎÅÂÛÕ ÄÅÉÑÒÂÈÉ............................................................................... 303

3. ÖÅÍÀ ÏÎÁÅÄÛ, ÈÒÎÃÈ È ÓÐÎÊÈ ÂÅËÈÊÎÉ ÎÒÅ×ÅÑÒÂÅÍÍÎÉ ÂÎÉÍÛ 310


Ëåêöèÿ 17

ÏÐÎÒÈÂÎÐÅ×ÈÂÛÅ ÎÁÙÅÑÒÂÅÍÍÎ-ÏÎËÈÒÈ×ÅÑÊÈÅ ÒÅÍÄÅÍÖÈÈ ÏÅÐÂÛÕ ÏÎÑËÅÂÎÅÍÍÛÕ ËÅÒ............................................................................................................................................ 316

1. ÍÀÐÎÄÍÎÅ ÕÎÇßÉÑÒÂÎ ÑÑÑÐ Â ÏÅÐÂÛÅ ÏÎÑËÅÂÎÅÍÍÛÅ ÃÎÄÛ 316

2. ÎÁÙÅÑÒÂÅÍÍÎ-ÏÎËÈÒÈ×ÅÑÊÀß ÑÈÒÓÀÖÈß Â ÑÒÐÀÍÅ Â 1945-1947 ÃÃ. 319

3. ÏÎÂÎÐÎÒ 1948 Ã. ÂÎÇÎÁÍÎÂËÅÍÈÅ ÌÀÑÑÎÂÛÕ ÏÎËÈÒÈ×ÅÑÊÈÕ ÐÅÏÐÅÑÑÈÉ 325

 

Ëåêöèÿ 18

ÑÌÅÐÒÜ ÂÎÆÄß: ÍÀ×ÀËÎ ÄÅÑÒÀËÈÍÈÇÀÖÈÈ ÑÎÂÅÒÑÊÎÃÎ ÎÁÙÅÑÒÂÀ 329

1. ÑÌÅÐÒÜ ÑÒÀËÈÍÀ È ÁÎÐÜÁÀ ÇÀ ÂËÀÑÒÜ Â ÏÀÐÒÈÈ È ÃÎÑÓÄÀÐÑÒÂÅ 330

2. ÕÕ ÑÚÅÇÄ ÊÏÑÑ Î ÊÓËÜÒÅ ËÈ×ÍÎÑÒÈ È ÅÃÎ ÏÎÑËÅÄÑÒÂÈßÕ. 335

3. ÎÑÍÎÂÍÛÅ ÍÀÏÐÀÂËÅÍÈß ÂÍÓÒÐÅÍÍÅÉ È ÂÍÅØÍÅÉ ÏÎËÈÒÈÊÈ Í.Ñ. ÕÐÓÙÅÂÀ 341

 

Ëåêöèÿ 19

ÐÅÔÎÐÌÛ 60-Õ ÃÎÄÎÂ È ÈÕ ÑÓÄÜÁÀ.......................................................... 354

1. ÕÎÇßÉÑÒÂÅÍÍÀß ÐÅÔÎÐÌÀ ÑÅÐÅÄÈÍÛ 60-Õ ÃÎÄÎÂ: ÇÀÌÛÑËÛ È ÐÅÇÓËÜÒÀÒÛ 355

2. ÍÀÐÀÑÒÀÍÈÅ ÇÀÑÒÎÉÍÛÕ ßÂËÅÍÈÉ Â ÑÑÑÐ Â 70-Å ÃÎÄÛ......... 361

 

Ëåêöèÿ 20

ÏÅÐÅÑÒÐÎÉÊÀ Â ÑÑÑÐ È ÅÅ ÏÎÑËÅÄÑÒÂÈß........................................... 371

1. ÊÓÐÑ ÍÀ ÓÑÊÎÐÅÍÈÅ ÑÎÖÈÀËÜÍÎ-ÝÊÎÍÎÌÈ×ÅÑÊÎÃÎ ÐÀÇÂÈÒÈß ÑÑÑÐ - ÏÎÑËÅÄÍßß ÏÎÏÛÒÊÀ ÐÅÔÎÐÌÈÐÎÂÀÍÈß ÑÎÂÅÒÑÊÎÉ ÝÊÎÍÎÌÈÊÈ...................................... 372

2. ÏÎËÈÒÈ×ÅÑÊÈÉ ÏËÞÐÀËÈÇÌ ÂÒÎÐÎÉ ÏÎËÎÂÈÍÛ 80-Õ ÃÎÄÎÂ. ÍÀ×ÀËÎ ÄÅÌÎÍÒÀÆÀ ÒÎÒÀËÈÒÀÐÍÛÕ ÏÎËÈÒÈ×ÅÑÊÈÕ ÑÒÐÓÊÒÓÐ.............................................................................. 376

 

Ëåêöèÿ 21

ÏÎËÈÒÈ×ÅÑÊÀß È ÑÎÖÈÀËÜÍÎ-ÝÊÎÍÎÌÈ×ÅÑÊÀß ÑÈÒÓÀÖÈß Â ÐÎÑÑÈÉÑÊÎÉ ÔÅÄÅÐÀÖÈÈ ÍÀ ÑÎÂÐÅÌÅÍÍÎÌ ÝÒÀÏÅ........................................................................................ 384

1. ÎÑÎÁÅÍÍÎÑÒÈ ÑÎÖÈÀËÜÍÎ-ÝÊÎÍÎÌÈ×ÅÑÊÎÃÎ È ÏÎËÈÒÈ×ÅÑÊÎÃÎ ÐÀÇÂÈÒÈß ÐÎÑÑÈÈ Â 1991-1993 ÃÃ......................................................................................................................................... 386

2. ÑÎÖÈÀËÜÍÎ-ÝÊÎÍÎÌÈ×ÅÑÊÎÅ È ÏÎËÈÒÈ×ÅÑÊÎÅ ÐÀÇÂÈÒÈÅ ÐÎÑÑÈÈ Â 1993-1997 ÃÃ. 394

3. ÐÎÑÑÈß ÍÀ ÑÎÂÐÅÌÅÍÍÎÌ ÝÒÀÏÅ........................................................ 401

 

Ëèòåðàòóðà ................................................................................................................... 405

ÏÐÈÌÅ×ÀÍÈß................................................................................................................. 409









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