Germenevtic direction

Occurrence in 60th of XX century герменевтики as new methodology of the analysis of the policy which is breaking off with positivism, has been caused by requirements of the information society which have come in the stead to the industrial. The western industrial society represented атомизированную a chain of a market exchange where individuals competed with each other in a pursuit of profit. As the American philosopher Erih Fromm (1900-1980) noticed, individualism «has helped to destroy all communications between separate individuals, having isolated the person from the colleagues». To restore the destroyed social communications - mission of a policy.

Genesis «герменевтической paradigms» is connected with a name of political scientist Dzh. Moss who has emigrated to 30th in the USA from Germany.

The modern world represents лингвистически the structured reality. Interaction of individuals is carried out in terms and values of certain languages and concepts. Political activity also is subordinated to linguistic culture existing in a society.

The Germenevtichesky paradigm in the policy analysis recognises that the political power there is an ability and possibility to formulate the political ideas actual and claimed at the population and the concept as they represent social actions or linguistic events which should be considered in a context of language and concepts. Any information perceived by the subject including political, it is represented to it a certain set of visual and sound symbols, and consequently, it deciphers it in the formulas having for it sense, perceiving and acquiring only those symbols which keep within system of co-ordinates of its outlook and a world picture.

In borders герменевтического the approach of the politician it was considered as a communication medium between members of a society, generations, representatives of various cultures. However the policy is the special form of communications which are distinct from others.

Specificity of a policy as communications formsconsists in ability to connect two kinds of communications:

Rational or прерывный when the interesting object is described, learnt, but between it and the learning subject the distance as it happens at the science officer remains;

Emotional or continuous, connected by that the learning subject "passes" object through own consciousness, "is dissolved" in it, "enters" into it that is peculiar to art.

The greatest attention in political герменевтике is given to a problem of political symbolics.

Political symbolics - the central link of all «герменевтической paradigms». The symbol is used as the basic unit of the analysis of political culture which, in turn, acts as a primary factor of political relations in a society. As by means of symbols people express and transfer each other the thoughts and feelings which are interpreted and perceived in terms and senses of certain political culture symbols are perceived as regulators of political behaviour. Therefore on political behaviour of people those values which are given by them to actions of the government, the political parties, separate politicians, rather than the real maintenance of these actions can render much bigger influence.

Defining role in interpretation of the last always is played by system of political symbolics dominating in a given society. However political symbols can be created is artificial and purposefully to take root into mass consciousness.

It means that political герменевтика the same as and бихевиоризм, is directly connected with problems of a political manipulation and acts as effective enough tool in election campaigns.

The modern European political science focused the attention on the sociological and legal analysis of the power, political institutes, an electoral system and elections, managements, the public policy.