Text 3.1. DNA Structure

 

Essential targets:

By the end of this text you should be able to:

● distinguish between a nucleoside, a nucleotide, and a polynucleotide;

● explain how a phosphodiester bond forms;

● discuss the significance of complementary base pairing in DNA.

 

Pre-reading

 

Working in pairs, try and answer the following questions before you read the text. Don`t be afraid of guessing the answers! When you have finished, check your answers by reading the text.

1. Who discovered the structure of DNA?

2. What do you know about a nucleoside and a nucleotide?

3. What shape does a molecule of DNA have?

4. What kind of information does a molecule of DNA contain?

 

Exercise A. Match the words with their definitions:

to join A only one or considered to its own
base B serious study of a subject that is intended to discover new facts or test new ideas
ring C to connect or fasten things together
support D the most important part of something from which new ideas develop
bond E a circular line or mark
single F sympathetic encouragement and help that you give to someone
research G the chemical force that holds atoms together
to discover H a single thin piece of thread, wire, hair etc.
double I something that is twice the size, quantity, value, or strength of something else
strand J to find something that was hidden or that people did not know about before

■ Read the given text and make your essential assignments:

The description of the double helical structure of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) by Watson and Crick in 1953 (see Fact of life) was a landmark in science history. Their discovery sparked off a new era in scientific research which has had, and will continue to have, far-reaching consequences.








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