Too Great a Majority

George Bernard Show's gift of ready wit is well-illustrated by the story of how he turned the laugh against a member of the public who was expressing disapproval of one of his plays.

It was the first night of "Arms and the Man", a play which had an enthusiastic reception from a crowded house. When the curtains fell at the end of the last act there was tremendous applause accompanied by insistent calls for the author to appear. One man in the gallery however kept up a string of catcalls and whistling thus expressing his disapproval.

Shaw appeared before the curtain and waited in silence until the applause had died away. Then looking up at the hostile critic he said, "I quite agree with you, Sir, but what can we two do against all these people?"

UNIT 20. INTONATION OF PARTICIPIAL CONSTRUCTION
ИНТОНАЦИЯ ПРИЧАСТНОГО ОБОРОТА

Если причастный оборот стоит в начале предложения, то он произносится с восходящим тоном. Например:

Если причастный оборот стоит в конце предложения, он может быть выделен в отдельную синтагму либо нет в зависимости от отношения говорящего и произносится с нисходящим тоном. Например:

Exercise I. Mark the stresses and tunes and read the following sentences.

1. Having picked up Mr Dunn's papers from the library floor, she held them out to him.

2. Arriving back they found Ann in the sitting room reading magazines.

3. Closing the door gently she stole upstairs.

4. In the evening they caught some fish eating part of it and saving the rest for the breakfast.

5. A new road will soon be built joining the airport with the railway station.

6. Taking a book from the shelf, he sits down to read it.

7. Having been examined by the customs, the goods were let through.

8. She smiled remembering the joke.

9. Every now and then David raised his head from the book looking at the clock on the wall.

10. I hope you will write soon explaining your intentions.

11. The text being easy they didn't use the dictionary.

12. Having received his diploma he went to the Far East.

13. Having locked the door I saw that I had left my bag in the room.

14. Walking along the embankment I met an old friend of mine.

15. Our things having been packed we went to the station.

16. The story being funny I couldn't help laughing.

17. I felt very tired having worked the whole day in the sun.

18. The yacht lay well out in the middle of the river being carried down by the current.

19. When you enter the hall you will see a staircase leading to the basement.

20. Having slept two hours I felt refreshed and rested.

21. The play being a success, it was impossible to get tickets.

Exercise II. Complete the following sentences.

1. Having been wounded in the leg, he...

2. Having arrived in a big seaport, I...

3. Having been once found on the beach, the stone...

4. Judging by the colour of the sun, it...

5. Slamming the door on me, he...

6. Taking every thing into consideration, we...

7. Half-turning on his chair, he...

8. Being dissatisfied with the answer, she...

9. The night being too cold and dark, she...

10. The article being dull, she...

11. Waiting outside, we...

12. Striking a match, he...

13. Seeing her approach, John...

14. Having been seen by her, he...

Exercise III. Read the joke and retell it paying special attention to the intonation of Participial constructions.

Having seen an advertisement in a newspaper for a beautiful modern cheap bicycle, Tom went to the shop. Being busy with another customers the shopkeeper didn't come to Tom immediately. Waiting for the shopkeeper Tom attentively looked around the shop and saw one bicycle standing in the corner. The bicycle turned out to be exactly the one Tom had seen in the advertisement. But having examined it carefully he discovered that it lacked the lamp. Turning to the shopkeeper Tom angrily asked why there was no lamp. Being surprised by his anger the shopkeeper tried to explain that the lamp was not included in the price of the bicycle. Having heard this Tom said that the bicycle in the advertisement had the lamp. Having a good sense of humour the shopkeeper said calmly that there was also a girl on the bicycle in their advertisement but they didn't supply one of them with the bicycle either.

UNIT 21. INTONATION OF LOOSE ATTRIBUTE REFERRING TO SUBJECT
ОПРЕДЕЛИТЕЛЬНОЕ ПРИДАТОЧНОЕ ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЕ, ОТНОСЯЩЕЕСЯ К ПОДЛЕЖАЩЕМУ И СТОЯЩЕЕ ВНУТРИ ГЛАВНОГО ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЯ

Определительное придаточное предложение, находящееся внутри главного, произносится с восходящим тоном. Например:

Exercise I.Mark the stresses and tunes and read the following sentences.

1. The boy they are speaking to works in the bank.

2. The passage you are speaking about is a quotation from Mark Twain's story.

3. The man we have met in the hall is my neighbour.

4. Wilfrid, lying on the divan in a dark dressing-gown, sat up.

5. Captain Show, standing beside him, was unknown.

6. The cat who looked at me angrily was ready to jump.

7. Mr. Brown who had an imposing figure was neither lean nor stout.

8. The last person who entered the compartment was a pretty girl of about 20. ,

9. The room where we all were staying was spacious but rather dark.

10. Mr. Crane whose sister I knew once was a man of character.

11. The first person John saw in the club was his old friend.

12. The book she is referring to is written by a well-known reporter.

13. He who is ignorant of foreign languages, knows not his own.

14. He, who knows not how to hold his tongue, knows not how to talk.

15. He, who can, does. He who cannot, teaches.

16. He who laughs last, laughs best but he, who laughs first, sees the point of the utterance.

17. Everything that can be thought at all can be thought clearly. Everything that can be said, can be said cleverly.

18. The day, which had been a sad one, finally ended.

19. George, who was going home, saw the fire.

20. The house, which had been built long ago, finally collapsed.

21. The men, who had been forced to march, finally revolted.

22. The door we knocked at was painted green.

23. The children he plays with are all older than he.

24. The store where I bought the suit is located on Tenth Street.

25. The person I spoke to had a French accent.

26. The glass we all had to drink out of had a cracked edge.

27. The knife he cut himself with had a rusty blade.

28. The chair I sat on had a broken seat.

Exercise II.Complete the following sentences.

1. Mark Twain whose real name was Samuel Clemens was...

2. The Hermitage where you can see the best works of the best world painters is ...

3. Red Square where the Kremlin is situated is...

4. The dipoma he got last year helped...

5. The subject we were talking about...

6. The film I saw yesterday produced ...

7. The question we discussed last time was...

8. The hotel where we lived was...

9. The first person I saw on the deck was...

10. Mrs. Wilde whose son was killed during the war was...

Exercise III. Read the joke and retell it paying special attention to the intonation of the attribute referring to the Subject.

David who worked in an office in a big city, decided to spend his holidays somewhere in the country. The country where he decided to spend his holidays had a lot of streams. David who was fond of fishing took his fishing rod with him. The first person he saw near the stream was an old man. David asked the old man if it was a private stream and if it would be a crime to catch some fish there. The old man who was amused by the question said that it wouldn't be a crime but it would certainly he a miracle.

UNIT 22. INTONATION OF COMPOUND SENTENCES
ИНТОНАЦИЯ СЛОЖНОСОЧИНЕННЫХ ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЙ

В сложносочиненных повествовательных предложениях первая и вторая части их обычно произносятся с низким нисходящим тоном. Например:

Однако, если существует причинно-следственная связь, первая часть произносится с восходящей интонацией. Например:

Exercise I. Mark the stresses and tunes and read the following sentences.

1. Sunday is a holiday in Christian countries and Friday is a holiday in Muslim countries.

2. There are many holidays in Russia but the most favourite is New Year's Day.

3. It was raining hard and we decided to stay at home.

4. She was a beauty and he decided to get acquainted with her.

5. His clothes were dirty and he was afraid to ask where Mr. Rank's house was.

6. His father and mother were dead, his cousin was his only close relative.

7. He had brothers and sisters in London but he never saw them.

8. She felt afraid and excited, Hallowe'en was the night of the ghosts.

9. His child was kidnapped and he had to pay 10.000 dollars as a ransom.

10. He loved Ann but she didn't agree to marry him.

Exercise II. Complete the following sentences, make them compound.

1. Katherine of Aragon didn't give Henry the son and he...

2. Edward became King of England but he...

3. Katherine was eighteen and John...

4. She met him secretly at night but her husband...

5. Morning came at last and I...

6. They went by train and it...

7. They found Lucy's body in the coffin but she...

8. Her parents weren't interested with her any more and she...

9. Paul had other girl friends and sometimes Helen...

10. He didn't take her on the tour and she...

11. The students get tired towards the end of the term and they really...

12. In some English schools classes finish in early July but most schools finish in mid to late July.

ExerciseHI. Intone the text and read it.

One of the greatest Italian painters Michelangelo Merisi was born in 1573 and he was called Caravaggio after his native town in Lombardy. Caravaggio lived on the fringe of respectable society and his short life was marked by violence and disaster. He was in constant trouble with authority and he had to flee Rome in 1606 after the murder of a man. He was pardoned but soon he died of Malaria at the age of 37. He painted many famous pictures but his favourite one was "The Creation of Adam". Caravaggio's paintings were condemned by many artists and critics in Italy but two of the greatest painters in the 17th century Rembrandt and Velasquez considered themselves to be his followers.