X. Перепишите и переведите текст. The London Underground (it is often called the Tube) is the oldest metro in the world

LONDON UNDERGROUND

The London Underground (it is often called the Tube) is the oldest metro in the world. It has been used for passenger transporting since 1863. Nowadays the London Underground is the most popular means of city transport because it is relatively cheap, convenient, quick and safe. Its length is about 400 km. Every day the Tube carries over 2.5 million passengers. The total number of passengers carried by the Underground each year is enormous and it is constantly growing.

In the London Metro there are 11 underground lines, each of them has its own color. For example, the lines are called: Central (red), Circle (yellow), East London (orange), Metropolitan (dark brown), Northern (black), Victoria (light blue) and so on.

Only half of the trains go under the ground, new lines that connect London with its suburbs go over the ground. On such routes express trains are operated. They stop at a very few stations on their way that is very convenient for those people who live in the suburbs but work in the center of London.

There are 275 stations in the London Metro. Most of them are old and not attractive to the eye. The walls are simply white or gray plastered with all kinds of advertisements. Numerous stations which are rather deep under the ground are equipped with escalators. About 200 escalators can carry 10,000 passengers an hour at maximum speed. The longest one is at the station “Leicester Square”, its length is over 80 feet. On long escalators the speed is changeable. The “up” escalator runs at full speed when carrying passengers but when empty it moves at half speed. It is known that traffic is left-hand in Britain, but when passengers get on the escalator they stand on the right so that people who hurry can run by on the left, and it seems that everybody in the Underground always hurries.

Safety was always one of the main concerns of the London transport. In spite of the fact that trains often follow each other within 1-3 minutes, it is said that the London Underground is the safest form of transport in the world. The most up-to-date electronic equipment is used for controlling train movement: if changes are necessary, they are made automatically and with lightning speed. No accident can happen through human errors.

XI. Ответьте на общие вопросы в соответствии с содержанием текста.

1. Has the London Underground been used since 1860?

2. Does the London Underground carry over 2,5 million passengers a day?

3. Do all Metro trains go under the ground?

4. Are all stations equipped with escalators?

5. Was safety always one of the main concerns of London transport?

6. Can any accident happen through human error in the London Underground?

7. Is the number of passengers carried by the Underground constantly growing?

8. Do express trains stop at all the stations on their way?

9. Are there twelve Underground lines in London?

10. Have all underground lines their own color?