Words and expressions concerned with rendering a text, a newspaper article.
¹ | The plan for rendering the text | Some expressions to be used while rendering the text |
The title of the article/ text | The text is head-lined … The title of the text under consideration is … The head-line of the article I have read is … | |
The author of the text/ article: where and when the article/ text was published | The author of the text/ article is … The text/ article is written by … It is (was) published in … It is (was) printed in … | |
The main idea of the text/ article | The main idea of the article is … The text under consideration is about … The text is devoted to … The text deals with … The article touches upon the problems concerning … The purpose of the text is to give the reader some information on … The aim of the article is to provide the reader with some material (data, facts) on … The text (story, article) is concerned with … The subject of the text is … | |
The contents of the text/ article. Some facts, data, names, figures. | At the beginning (of the text) the author describes (depicts, dwells on, touches upon, explains, introduces, mentions, recalls, characterizes, analyses, comments on, enumerates, points out, emphasizes, stresses, underlines, generalizes about, criticizes, makes a few critical remarks on, reveals, exposes, accuses, blames, condemns, praises, gives a summary of , gives his account of, reports) … The article (the author) begins with (the description of…, by mentioning …, the analysis of …, a (the) summary of …, a comment on …, a review of …, an account of …, the characterization of …, his opinion of …, his recollections of …, some critical remarks about …, the accusation of …, the exposure of …, the praise of …, the ridicule of …, the generalization of …) … . The article opens with … According to the text … Then (after that, further on, next) the author passes on to …goes on to say that gives a detailed (thorough) analysis (description) … In conclusion the author … The author concludes with … The article ends with … At the end of the article the author comes to (draws) the conclusion that … (we find the conclusion that …) To finish with the author describes … At the end of the article the author sums (summarizes) it all up (by saying …) | |
Your opinion of the text/ article | I find (I have found) the text/ article interesting (important, informative, useful, of no value, too difficult to understand)… The problems touched upon in the text/ article are of great importance. The discussed problem is of great value. |
Ãëîññàðèé.
A
Abolish – îòìåíÿòü
Accident – íåñ÷àñòíûé ñëó÷àé
Accusation – îáâèíåíèå
Accuse – îáâèíÿòü
Accused – îáâèíÿåìûé
Acquire – ïðèîáðåòàòü
Act of commission – äåÿíèå
Actus Reus – âèíîâíîå äåéñòâèå
Admit – ïðèçíàâàòü
Advise – ñîâåòîâàòü
Advocate –çàùèòíèê, çàùèùàòü
Affair – äåëî
Alcohol addict – àëêîãîëèê
Allow – ïîçâîëÿòü
Ambassador – ïîñîë
Amend – èñïðàâëÿòü, óëó÷øàòü
Amendment – ïîïðàâêà
Appeal – ïðîñüáà, àïåëëÿöèÿ, âíîñèòü ïîïðàâêè
Application – çàÿâëåíèå
Appearance – âíåøíîñòü; ÿâêà â ñóä
Appoint – íàçíà÷àòü
Approve – îäîáðÿòü
Armed – âîîðóæåííûé
Armed robbery – âîîðóæåííîå îãðàáëåíèå
Arrange – óñòðàèâàòü
Arrest – çàäåðæèâàòü, àðåñòîâûâàòü
To arrive at the crime scene – ïðèáûòü íà ìåñòî ïðåñòóïëåíèÿ
Arson – ïîäæîã
Assault – íàïàäåíèå
Associate – îáúåäèíåííûé
Attack – íàïàäàòü
Attempt – ïîïûòêà
Attorney – àäâîêàò, ïîâåðåííûé
Available – èìåþùèéñÿ â ðàñïîðÿæåíèè
Avoid – èçáåãàòü
B
Bar – àäâîêàòóðà
Bargain – ñäåëêà
Barrister – àäâîêàò
Beat up – èçáèòü
Behaviour – ïîâåäåíèå
Belong – ïðèíàäëåæàòü
The bench – ñóä
Bill – çàêîíîïðîåêò, áèëëü
Bill of rights – áèëëü î ïðàâàõ
Blackmail – øàíòàæ
Blame – âèíèòü
Box – ìåñòî äëÿ äà÷è ïîêàçàíèé â ñóäå
Breach – íàðóøåíèå
Break – íàðóøàòü
Break into – âëîìèòüñÿ
Bribe – âçÿòêà
Branch – âåòâü
Bugging – òàéíîå ïîäñëóøèâàíèå (ñ ïîìîùüþ òåõíèêè)
Burglar – âîð, âçëîìùèê
Burglary – êðàæà ñî âçëîìîì
Butcher – ìÿñíèê
C
Capital punishment – ñìåðòíàÿ êàçíü, âûñøàÿ ìåðà íàêàçàíèÿ
Case – äåëî, ñëó÷àé
hear a case – ñëóøàòü äåëî
present a case – èçëàãàòü äåëî
Cell – êàìåðà
Central Criminal Court – Öåíòðàëüíûé óãîëîâíûé ñóä
Change – èçìåíÿòü
Charge – îáâèíåíèå
Check and balances – ñäåðæêè è ïðîòèâîâåñû
Choose – èçáèðàòü, âûáèðàòü
Church – öåðêîâü
Circumstance – îáñòîÿòåëüñòâî
Civil – ãðàæäàíñêèé
Commander-in-chief – ãëàâíîêîìàíäóþùèé
Commit (an offence) – ñîâåðøàòü (ïðåñòóïëåíèå)
Committal – ïåðåäà÷à
Community service – îáùåñòâåííî-ïðèíóäèòåëüíûå ðàáîòû
Complaint – æàëîâàòüñÿ
Confess – ïðèçíàâàòüñÿ
Consequence – ïîñëåäñòâèå
Constituency – èçáèðàòåëüíûé îêðóã
Coroner – ñëåäîâàòåëü, âåäóùèé äåëà î íàñèëüñòâåííîé èëè âíåçàïíîé ñìåðòè
Counsel for defence – çàùèòíèê
Counsel for prosecution – îáâèíèòåëü
Counterfeiter – ôàëüøèâîìîíåò÷èê
County – ãðàôñòâî (â Àíãëèè), îêðóã (â Àìåðèêå)
County Court – ñóä ãðàôñòâà (Àíãëèÿ), ìåñòíûé ñóä (Àìåðèêà)
Court – ñóä
Crime – ïðåñòóïëåíèå
Criminalistics technician – ýêñïåðò-êðèìèíàëèñò
Criminal Law – óãîëîâíîå ïðàâî
Cross-examine – ïåðåêðåñòíûé äîïðîñ
Crown Court – ñóä Êîðîíû
Custom – îáû÷àé
Customs officer – òàìîæåííèê
D
Damage – óùåðá
Death penalty – ñìåðòíûé ïðèãîâîð
Debt – äîëã
Defence – çàùèòà, àðãóìåíòàöèÿ îòâåò÷èêà
Defend – çàùèùàòü
Defendant – îáâèíÿåìûé, îòâåò÷èê
Delay – îòêëàäûâàòü, îòñðî÷èâàòü
Depend – çàâèñåòü
Descriptive – îïèñàòåëüíûé, îáðàçíûé
Detail – ïîäðîáíîñòü
Detective – äåòåêòèâíûé, ñûñêíîé, ñûùèê
Determine – óñòàíàâëèâàòü
Diamond – àëìàç, áðèëëèàíò
Dignity – äîñòîèíñòâî
Disciple – ó÷åíèê
Discount connection – ïðîñëåæèâàòü ñâÿçü
Dissolve – ðàñïóñêàòü ïàðëàìåíò
Drug addiction – íàðêîìàíèÿ
Duty – îáÿçàííîñòü, äîëã
E
Election – âûáîðû
Endowment – ïîæåðòâîâàíèå
Enforce – ïðîâîäèòü â æèçíü, ïðèíóæäàòü
Enforceable – èìåþùèé èñêîâóþ ñèëó
Engage in irony and jest – èðîíèçèðîâàòü è íàñìåõàòüñÿ
Enquiry – ðàññëåäîâàíèå, ñëåäñòâèå
Equal – ðàâíîïðàâíûé, ðàâíûé
Establish – óñòàíàâëèâàòü
Evidence – îñíîâàíèå, äîêàçàòåëüñòâî, ñâèäåòåëüñêîå ïîêàçàíèå
circumstantial evidence – êîñâåííûå óëèêè
direct evidence – ïðÿìîå äîêàçàòåëüñòâî
physical evidence – âåùåñòâåííîå äîêàçàòåëüñòâî
testimonial evidence – ñâèäåòåëüñêèå ïîêàçàíèÿ
Execute – âûïîëíÿòü, êàçíèòü
Experience – îïûò
Explain – îáúÿñíÿòü
F
Face – ëèöî, ñòàëêèâàòüñÿ
Fair – ÷åñòíûé, áåñïðèñòðàñòíûé
False money – ôàëüøèâûå äåíüãè
Fault – âèíà
Felony – óãîëîâíîå ïðåñòóïëåíèå
Fight – áîðîòüñÿ
Final – îêîí÷àòåëüíûé
Financial misdemeanour – ôèíàíñîâûå ïðåñòóïëåíèÿ
Fine – øòðàô
Fingerprints – îòïå÷àòêè ïàëüöåâ
Follow me! – ñëåäóéòå çà ìíîé!
The follow-up investigation – äàëüíåéøåå ðàññëåäîâàíèå
Force – ñèëà
Forced – ïðèíóäèòåëüíûé
Foreign – èíîñòðàííûé
Forger – ôàëüøèâîìîíåò÷èê
Found – îñíîâûâàòü
Fraud – îáìàí, ìîøåííè÷åñòâî
Free – ñâîáîäíûé
G
Gambler – èãðîê, êàðòåæíèê
Gang – áàíäà
Government – ïðàâèòåëüñòâî
Guarantee – ãàðàíòèðîâàòü
Guard – îõðàíà
Guilt – âèíà
Guilty – âèíîâíûé
guilty conduct – ïðåñòóïíîå ïîâåäåíèå
guilty intention – ïðåñòóïíûé óìûñåë
plead guilty – ïðèçíàòü ñåáÿ âèíîâíûì
H
Hammer – ìîëîòîê
Handcuff – íàðó÷íèêè
Handwriting – ïî÷åðê
Headache – ãîëîâíàÿ áîëü
Hearing – ñëóøàíèå
Heir – íàñëåäíèê
Hereditary – íàñëåäñòâåííûé
Hide – ïðÿòàòü
High – âûñîêèé
High Court – Âûñîêèé ñóä
Homicide – óáèéñòâî
House of Lords – ïàëàòà Ëîðäîâ
Human – ÷åëîâå÷åñêèé
Human rights – ïðàâà ÷åëîâåêà
I
Ignorance – íåâåæåñòâî
Illegal – íåçàêîííûé
Implementation – îñóùåñòâëåíèå
Imprison – çàêëþ÷àòü â òþðüìó
life imprisonment – ïîæèçíåííîå çàêëþ÷åíèå
Incident – ñëó÷àéíûé, èíöèäåíò
Independent – íåçàâèñèìûé
Indict – îáâèíÿòü
Influence – âëèÿíèå
Inherit – íàñëåäîâàòü
Innocence – íåâèíîâíîñòü
Insanity – íåâìåíÿåìîñòü
Institute – èíñòèòóò, óñòàíàâëèâàòü
Interrogation – äîïðîñ
Interview – îïðîñ
Introduce – ïðåäñòàâëÿòü, âíîñèòü íà ðàññìîòðåíèå
Inventory – îïèñü (ïîõèùåííîãî)
Investigate – ðàññëåäîâàòü
preliminary investigation – ïðåäâàðèòåëüíîå ðàññëåäîâàíèå
J
Jeweller – þâåëèð
Judge – ñóäüÿ
Judgement – ðåøåíèå ñóäà, ïðèãîâîð
Judicial – ñóäåáíûé, çàêîííûé
Jurisdiction – ïðàâîñóäèå
Juror – ïðèñÿæíûé çàñåäàòåëü
Jury – ïðèñÿæíûå, ñóä ïðèñÿæíûõ
Just – ñïðàâåäëèâûé
Justice – ïðàâîñóäèå, ñïðàâåäëèâîñòü
Justice of the peace – ìèðîâîé ñóäüÿ
Justify – îïðàâäûâàòü
Juvenile – þíûé ïîäðîñòîê
Juvenile Court – ñóä ïî äåëàì íåñîâåðøåííîëåòíèõ
K
Keep –õðàíèòü
Key – êëþ÷
Kidnap – ïîõèùàòü, íàñèëüíî óâîäèòü ñ öåëüþ âûìîãàòåëüñòâà
Kill – óáèâàòü
Knowledge – çíàíèå
L
Law – çàêîí
Lawbreaker – íàðóøèòåëü çàêîíà
Lawyer – þðèñò
Lead into (drug, crime) – âòÿíóòü (â íàðêîìàíèþ, ïðåñòóïëåíèå)
Legal – þðèäè÷åñêèé, ïðàâîâîé
Legislation – çàêîíîäàòåëüñòâî
Legislative – çàêîíîäàòåëüíûé
Liability – îòâåòñòâåííîñòü
Liable to taxes – ïîäëåæàùèé íàëîãîîáëîæåíèþ
Licence – ëèöåíçèÿ
Limit – îãðàíè÷èâàòü
M
Magistrate – ñóäüÿ
Magistrate Court – ìèðîâîé ñóä
Majority – áîëüøèíñòâî
Manslaughter – íåïðåäíàìåðåííîå óáèéñòâî
Manslaughter on the grounds of... – óáèéñòâî íà ïî÷âå...
Marry – æåíèòüñÿ
Measure – ìåðà; ìåðîïðèÿòèå
Mental – óìñòâåííûé
Military – âîåííûé
Miscellaneous services – ðàçíîîáðàçíûå óñëóãè
Misdemeanour – ïðîñòóïîê
Modus operandi – ìîäóñ îïåðàíäè, ñïîñîá äåéñòâèÿ, “ïî÷åðê” (ïðåñòóïíèêà)
Monarch – ìîíàðõ
Mug – íàïàäàòü
Murder – óáèéñòâî (ñ óìûñëîì)
N
Native-born – êîðåííîé
Naturalize – íàòóðàëèçîâàòü, ïðèíèìàòü ãðàæäàíñòâî
Noise – øóì
Nominate – íàçíà÷àòü íà äîëæíîñòü
Notary – íîòàðèóñ
Notary office – íîòàðèàëüíàÿ êîíòîðà
O
Oath – êëÿòâà
Objection – âîçðàæåíèå
Obligation – îáÿçàòåëüñòâî
Obtain – ïîëó÷èòü
Occupy – çàíèìàòü
Offence – ïðåñòóïëåíèå
Offend – íàðóøàòü çàêîí
Offender – ïðåñòóïíèê
Old Baley – öåíòðàëüíûé óãîëîâíûé ñóä (â Ëîíäîíå)
Oppose – ïðîòèâîñòîÿòü
Order – ïîðÿäîê, ïðèêàç, ñóäåáíîå ðåøåíèå
Origin – ïðîèñõîæäåíèå
Overrule – îòâåðãàòü, îòêëîíÿòü ïðåäëîæåíèå
P
Pass – âûíîñèòü (ðåøåíèå, ïðèãîâîð)
Penalty – øòðàô, íàêàçàíèå
Petition – ïåòèöèÿ
Petty – ìåëêèé
Phone – òåëåôîí, çâîíèòü
Physical violence – ôèçè÷åñêîå íàñèëèå
Pickpocket – êàðìàííûé âîð
Pickpocketing – êàðìàííîå âîðîâñòâî
Plaintiff – èñòåö
Plea – çàÿâëåíèå, èñê
Pleading – âûñòóïëåíèå àäâîêàòà â ñóäå
Plead guilty – ïðèçíàòü âèíîâíûì
Polite – âåæëèâî
Poll – ãîëîñîâàòü
Population – íàñåëåíèå
Power – âëàñòü; ïîëíîìî÷èÿ
Precise laws – òî÷íûå çàêîíû
Preliminary – ïðåäâàðèòåëüíûé
Prescriptive – ïðåäïèñûâàþùèé
Preside – ïðåäñåäàòåëüñòâîâàòü
Print – ïå÷àòàòü
Prison – òþðüìà
Private – ÷àñòíûé
Probation – óñëîâíîå îñâîáîæäåíèå, èñïðàâèòåëüíûé ñðîê
Proceedings – ïðîöåññóàëüíûå äåéñòâèÿ
Prohibit – çàïðåùàòü
Proof – äîêàçàòåëüñòâî
Property – ñîáñòâåííîñòü, èìóùåñòâî
Prosecute – ïðåñëåäîâàòü ñóäåáíûì ïîðÿäêîì
Prosecution – ñóäåáíîå ïðåñëåäîâàíèå; ñòîðîíà, ïðåäúÿâëÿþùàÿ èñê
Prosecutor – ïðîêóðîð, îáâèíèòåëü
Prove – äîêàçûâàòü
Pug – êóðíîñûé
Punish – íàêàçûâàòü
Punishment – íàêàçàíèå
capital punishment – ñìåðòíàÿ êàçíü
Purpose – öåëü
Q
Queen – êîðîëåâà
R
Ransom – âûêóï
Rape – èçíàñèëîâàíèå
Reading – ÷òåíèå (çàêîíîïðîåêòà)
Record – çàïèñûâàòü
Recover – ïîëó÷àòü âîçìåùåíèå ïî ñóäó
Red tape – áþðîêðàòèçì
Register – ñïèñîê
Reign – ïðàâèòü
Reject – îòâåðãàòü
Release – îñâîáîæäàòü
Repeat – ïîâòîðÿòü
Require – òðåáîâàòü
Resign – óõîäèòü â îòñòàâêó
Responsible – îòâåòñòâåííûé
criminal responsibility – óãîëîâíàÿ îòâåòñòâåííîñòü
Revenue – ãîäîâîé äîõîä
Rig – ôàëüñèôèöèðîâàòü
Right – ïðàâî
Ring – êîëüöî
Rob – ãðàáèòü
Robber – ãðàáèòåëü
Royal – êîðîëåâñêèé
Rule – óïðàâëÿòü, ðóêîâîäèòü
S
Saw – ïèëà
Search – èñêàòü, îáûñê
Secure the crime scene – îãðàäèòü ìåñòî ïðåñòóïëåíèÿ
Security – áåçîïàñíîñòü
Seizure – çàõâàò
Senior – ñòàðøèé
Sentence – ïðèãîâîð
life sentence – ïîæèçíåííîå çàêëþ÷åíèå
pass a sentence – âûíîñèòü ïðèãîâîð
suspended sentence – óñëîâíûé ïðèãîâîð
Separate – îòäåëüíûé
Shelve – îòêëàäûâàòü
Shoot – ñòðåëÿòü
Shoplifting – ìàãàçèííàÿ êðàæà
Sign – ïîäïèñûâàòü
Signature – ïîäïèñü
Slander – óñòíîå îñêîðáëåíèå, êëåâåòà
Smuggle – çàíèìàòüñÿ êîíòðàáàíäîé
Society – îáùåñòâî
Solicitor – ïîâåðåííûé
Spy – øïèîí
State – ãîñóäàðñòâî, øòàò, çàÿâëÿòü
Steal – âîðîâñòâî
Success – óñïåõ
Sue – ïðåñëåäîâàòü ñóäåáíûì ïîðÿäêîì
Suit – òÿæáà, ïðîöåññ
Summon – ñîçûâàòü ( ïàðëàìåíò)
Support – ïîääåðæèâàòü
Survival – âûæèâàíèå
Suspect – ïîäîçðåâàòü
Swear (in) – çàÿâëÿòü ïîä ïðèñÿãîé
Swindler – ìîøåííèê
T
Tax – íàëîã
Term of office – ñðîê ïðàâëåíèÿ
Testimony – ñâèäåòåëüñêèå ïîêàçàíèÿ
Theft – âîðîâñòâî
Thief .– âîð
Threat – óãðîæàòü
Threaten physical violence – óãðîæàòü ôèçè÷åñêîé ðàñïðàâîé
Train – îáó÷àòü
Treason – èçìåíà
Treatment – îáðàùåíèå
Trial – ñóäåáíûé ïðîöåññ
True – ïîäëèííûé
Trust – âåðà
Try – ñóäèòü, ðàçáèðàòü äåëî
U
Unemployment – áåçðàáîòèöà
Unfair –íåñïðàâåäëèâûé
Unkempt – êîñìàòûé
Unknown – íåèçâåñòíûé
Unlawfully – ïðîòèâîïðàâíî
Unwarranted – íåîáîñíîâàííûé
Unwritten law – íåïèñàíûé çàêîí, ïðåöåäåíòíîå ïðàâî
V
Veto – âåòî
Verdict – ïðèãîâîð, ðåøåíèå ñóäà ïðèñÿæíûõ
Vested with (in) – íàäåëåííûé, ïðèíàäëåæàùèé
Victim – æåðòâà
Violate – íàðóøàòü
Violation – íàðóøåíèå
Violence – íàñèëèå
Voluntary – äîáðîâîëüíî, óìûøëåííî
Vote – ãîëîñîâàòü, ãîëîñ
W
Wallet – êîøåëåê
Warrant – îðäåð, ñâèäåòåëüñòâî
Wealth – áîãàòñòâî
Weapon – îðóæèå
White collar crime – ïðåñòóïíîñòü ñðåäè äîëæíîñòíûõ ëèö
Widow(er) – âäîâà (âäîâåö)
Wilfully – óìûøëåííî
Will – çàâåùàíèå, âîëÿ
Win – âûèãðàòü
Witness – ñâèäåòåëü, äàâàòü ïîêàçàíèÿ
witness for the defence – ñâèäåòåëü çàùèòû
witness for the prosecution – ñâèäåòåëü îáâèíåíèÿ
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Þðèäè÷åñêèé ñëîâàðü
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