ADDITIONAL NOTES ON THEME 10.
Interaction Of Logical And Emotional Meanings in SDs of Interjections and exclamatory words
Interaction Of Logical And Emotional Meanings.
Almost every word may acquire a certain degree of emotiveness. There are words in which the logical meaning is almost entirely ousted.
The most highly emotive words are those charged with emotive meaning to the extend that the logical meaning can hardly be registered. These are interjections and exclamations.
Interjections and exclamatory words
Interjections are words with strong emotive feelings. They are conventional symbols of human emotions.
Interjections
Primary Derivative
Primaryare generally devoidofany logical meaning. Eg. Ah! Oh! Bah! Pooh! Gosh! Hush!
Derivative (Exclamatory words)may retain a bit of logical meaning. Eg. God knows! Good gracious! Oh, my! Look here!
Some adjectives, nouns and adverbs can also take the function of interjections, if pronounced with proper intonation and with an adequate pause, e.g. Man! Boy! Great! Wonderful! Terrible! Awful! Fine! Splendid!
These words may acquire a strong emotional colouring as interjections.
Interjections always attach a definite modal nuance to the utterance.
Like other words in the English vocabulary, they bear features which mark them as bookish (alas), neutral (oh, ah) or colloquial (gosh, why, well).
PECULIAR USE OF SET EXPRESSIONS
Peculiar use of set expressions can also be named stylistic phraseology or phraseological stylistics, as it studies phraseological units in their no ordinary application in a text (the term phraseology was suggested by Soviet scholars, after a Swiss linguist Chales Bally who introduced the term “phraseologie” in the meaning of «a branch of Stylistics dealing with coherent word-combinations). In Western linguistic schools the corresponding term idiomacity is used instead.
All kinds of set phrases (phraseological units) generally possess the property of expressiveness. The field of phraseology or idiomacity in any language is so varied and fascinating that one could spend an entire lifetime analyzing it and looking at it from various viewpoints. In linguistics, phraseology describes the context in which a word is used. This often includes typical usages/sequences, such as idioms, phrasal verbs, and multi-word units.
Phraseological unit or idiom is a ready-made combination of words reproduced in speech as a unity. The constant characteristic features are:
Linguistic stability
Semantic unity
Intact syntactical structure
In other words, phraseological unit is a fixed word-combination in which the meaning if the whole doesn’t depend on the meaning of its components.
1) The cliché. A cliché is a phrase, expression, or idea that has been overused to the point of losing its intended force or novelty, especially when at some time it was considered distinctively forceful or novel. It is generally used in a negative context and expressed by idioms.
"Cliché" applies also to almost any situation, subject, characterization, figure of speech, or object — in short, any sign — that has become overly familiar or commonplace. Because the novelty or frequency of an expression's use varies across different times and places, whether or not it is a cliché depends largely on who uses it, the context in which it is used, and who is making the judgment.
E.g. times are changing, as easy as a piece of cake, as wet as blood, as clear as day. You can find plenty of them on www.clichésite.com.
The examples above also represent a special kind of simile - equatives (comparative structures of an equal degree of the quality involved).
The meaning of a particular cliché may shift over time, often leading to confusion or misuse.
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