Глава 5. Эффект плацебо

72 ‘Неужели плацебо’: The placebo in medicine // Med Press. 1890. № 642. (18 June).

73 ‘Генри Бичер’: Beecher HK. The powerful placebo // JAMA. 1955- № 159 (17) (24 December). P. 1602–1606.

73 ‘Питер Паркер’: Skrabanek P., McCormick J. Follies and Fallacies in Medicine. Tarragon Press, 1989.

75 ‘Дэниела Мормана’: Moerman D.E. General medical effectiveness and human biology: placebo effects in the treatment of ulcer disease //Med. Anth. Quarterly (August 1983); 14; 4. P. 3–16.

76 ‘в других испытаниях’: Craen de A.J, Moerman D.E., Heisterkamp S.H., Tytgat G.N., Tijssen J.G., Kleijnen J. Placebo effect in the treatment of duodenal ulcer // Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 1999. № 48 (6) (December). P. 853–860.

77 ‘Блэкуел (1972)’: Blackwell B., Bloomfield S.S., Buncher C.R. Demonstration to medical students of placebo responses and non-drug factors // Lancet. 1972. № 1 (7763) (10 June). P. 1279–1282.

77 ‘Еще одно исследование’: Schapira К., McClelland H.A., Griffiths N.R., Newell D.J. Study on the effects of tablet colour in the treatment of anxiety states // BMJ. 1970 (23 May). № 1 (5707). P. 446–449-

77 ‘касающееся цвета’: Craen de A.J., Roos P.J., Vries de L.A., Kleijnen J. Effect of colour of drugs: systematic review of perceived effect of drugs and of their effectiveness // BMJ. 1996. № 313 (7072) (21–28 December). P. 1624–1626.

77 ‘B 1970 году’: Hussain M.Z., Ahad A. Tablet colour in anxiety states // BMJ. 1970 (22 August). № 3 (5720). P. 466.

78 ‘Способ введения’: Grenfell R.F., Briggs A.H., Holland W.C. Double blind study of the treatment of hypertension // JAMA. 1961. № 176. P. 124–128; Craen de A.J.M., Tijssen J.G.P., Gans de J., Kleijnen J. Placebo effect in the acute treatment of migraine: subcutaneous placebos are better than oral placebos // J. Neur. 2000. № 247. P. 183–188. Gracely R.H., Dubner R., McGrath P.A. Narcotic analgesia: fentanyl reduces the intensity but not the unpleasantness of painful tooth pulp sensations // Science (23 March 1979)- № 203 (4386). P. 1261–1263.

78 ‘смехотворная история упаковки’: Kaptchuk T.J., Stason W.B., Davis R.B., Legedza A.R., Schnyer R.N., Kerr C.E., Stone D.A., Nam B.H., Kirsch I., Goldman R.H. Sham device v inert pill: randomized controlled trial of two placebo treatments // BMJ. 2006 (18 February). № 332 (7538). P. 391–397.

77 ‘Брантуайт и Купер’: Branthwaite A., Cooper P. Analgesic effects of branding in treatment of headaches // BMJ. (Clin Res ed). 1981. № 282. P. 1576–1578.

78 ‘недавние исследования’: Waber et al.commercial features of placebo and therapeutic efficacy // JAMA. 2008. № 299. P. 1016–1017.

79 ‘готовящаяся сейчас к изданию’: Ginoa F. Do we listen to advice just because we paid for it? The impact of advice cost on its use. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 2008. В печати (Опубликовано онлайн 25 апреля 2008 года). Доступно на: http://dx.d0i.0rg/10.1016/j.0bhdp.2008.03.001.

79 ‘Монтгомери и Кирш’: Montgomery G.H., Kirsch I. Mechanisms of placebo pain reduction: an empirical investigation // Psych. Science. 1996. № 7. P. 174–176.

80 ‘плацебо-контролируемые испытания’: Cobb L.A., Thomas G.I., Dillard D.H., Merendino K.A., Bruce R.A. An evaluation of internal mammaryartery ligation by a double-blind technic // N. Eng. J. Med. 1959. 28 May. № 260 (22). P. 1115–1118.

81 ‘Шведское исследование’: Linde С., Gadler F., Kappenberger L., Ryden L. Placebo effect of pacemaker implantation in obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy // Am. J. Cardiol. 1999. № 83 (6) (15 March). P. 903–907.

81 ‘Электрические аппараты’: Johnson A.G. Surgeiy as a placebo // Lancet. № 344 (8930) (22 October 1994). P. 1140–1142.

81 ‘элегантного исследования’: Crum A.J., Langer E.J. Mindset matters: exercise and the placebo effect // Psych. Science. № 18 (2) (February 2007). P. 165–171.

83 ‘Грилл и Катан’: Gryll S.L., Katahn M. Situational factors contributing to the placebos effect // Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1978. № 57. P. 253–261.

83 ‘Грейсли [1985]’: Gracely R.H., Dubner R., Deeter W.R., Wolskee P.J. Clinicians’ expectations influence placebo analgesia // Lancet. 1985 (5 January). № 1 (8419). P. 43.

84 ‘В 1987 году, Томас’: Thomas К.В. General practice consultations: is there any point in being positive? // BMJ (Clin. Res. ed). 1987. (9 May). № 294 (6581). P. 1200–1202.

85 ‘Реймонд Таллис’: Tallis R. Hippocratic Oaths: Medicine and its Discontents. Atlantic, 2004.

86 ‘Квесалид’: Levi-Strauss C. The sorcerer and his magic // Structural Anthropology / Trans. C. Jacobson, B.G. Schoef. Basic Books, 1963.

87 ‘классическое исследование 1965 года’: Park L.C., Covi L. Nonblind placebo trial: an exploration of neurotic patients’ responses to placebo when its inert content is disclosed // Arch. Gen. Psych. 1965 (April). № 12. P. 36–45.

88 ‘Доктор Стюарт Вулф’: Wolf S. Effects of suggestion and conditioning on the action of chemical agents in human subjects; the pharmacology of placebos // J. Clin. Invest. 1950. 29 (1) (January). P. 100–109.

88 ‘Было показано’: Fuente-Femandez, dela, R., RuthTJ., SossiV., Schulzer М., Caine D.B., Stoessl A.J. Expectation and dopamine release: mechanism of the placebo effect in Parkinson’s disease / / Science. 2001. № 293 (5532) (10 August). P. 1164–1166.

88 ‘Зубиета (2005)’: Zubieta J.K., Bueller J.A., Jackson L.R., Scott D.J., Xu Y., Koeppe R.A., Nichols T.E., Stohler C.S. Placebo effects mediated by endogenous opioid activity on mu-opioid receptors // J Neur. 2005 (24 August). № 25 (34). P- 7754–7762.

89 ‘Исследователи измерили’: Ader R., Cohen N. Behaviorally conditioned immunosuppression // Psychosom. Med. 1975. N9 37 (4) (July-August). P. 333–340.

89 ‘исследователи давали здоровым’: Goebel M.U., Trebst A.E., Steiner J., Xie Y.F., Exton M.S., Frede S., CanbayA.E., Michel M.C., Heemann U., Schedlowski M. Behavioral conditioning of immunosuppression is possible in humans // FASEB J. 2002. № 16 (14) (December). P. 1869–1873.

89 ‘Исследователи даже’: Buske-KirschbaumA., Kirschbaum C., Stierle H., Lehnert H., Hellhammer D. Conditioned increase of natural killer cell activity (NKCA) in humans // Psychosom Med. 1992. № 54 (2) (March-April). P. 123–132.

89 ‘Судя по данным опроса’: Goodwin J.S., Goodwin J.M., Vogel A.V. Knowledge and use of placebos by house officers and nurses // Ann. Intern. Med. 1979. № 91 (1) (July). № 106–110.

90 ‘в tom числе и вы’: Moerman D.E. Meaning, Medicine and the ‘Placebo Effect’. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002. P. 34.

90 ‘один из самых впечатляющих’: Moerman D.E., Harrington A. Making space for the placebo effect in pain medicine // Sem. in Pain. Med. 2005. № 3 (March) (1 Spec issue). P. 2–6.

91 ‘Еще одно исследование 2002 года’: Walsh В.Т., Seidman S.N., Sysko R., Gould M. Placebo response in studies of major depression: variable, substantial, and growing // JAMA. 2002. № 287 (14) (10 April). P. 1840–1847.

94 ‘одно из исследований показало’: Ernst Е., Schmidt К. Aspects of MMR // BMJ. 2002. № 325. P. 597.